Pulse-modulated microwave radiation (1.3 GHz) at 7.7 mW/g for 90 min produced a modest decline in daily sperm production, primarily affecting primary spermatocytes; 4.2 mW/g was ineffective. Conventional heating required intratesticular temperatures >39°C for…
In anesthetized rats irradiated for 10 or 16 minutes at 360, 700, or 2,450 MHz and whole-body-averaged SARs of 2, 6, or 10 W/kg, localized post-irradiation temperatures at previously identified high-SAR regions were appreciably higher than at lower-SAR body s…
Piglets exposed to radiation from a standard household microwave oven for varying durations developed full-thickness skin and visceral burns. Microscopy showed a pattern of relative layered tissue sparing, with burned skin and muscle and relatively unburned s…
In rats, a single exposure to continuous-wave 2450 MHz microwave radiation at power densities of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 35 mW/cm2 was associated with changes in EEG parameters (spontaneous electrical activity of the cerebral cortex).
![[Spontaneous electrical activity of the rat cerebral cortex during microwave irradiation].](/mel/og.php?f=og_6214_e9c4b7e028.png)
Purified plasmid DNA exposed to nonthermal microwave radiation (2.00–8.75 GHz) showed single- and double-strand breaks detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA damage depended on the presence of small amounts of copper and varied with microwave power and …
Rats exposed to 700 MHz microwave radiation at 15 mW/cm2 with a 2.5°C rise in body temperature showed significant receptor binding changes only in the hypothalamus among six brain regions examined. Hypothalamic [3H]clonidine binding (adrenergic receptors) dec…
In vitro assays of human red blood cell membranes exposed to 2,450-MHz continuous-wave microwave radiation (6 W/kg) at five temperatures (23–27°C) showed an activity change only for Na+/K+ ATPase at 25°C. At 25°C, Na+/K+ ATPase activity decreased by approxima…
Microwave irradiation altered the number of spleen plaque-forming cells (PFC) measured on days 4 and 5 after immunization, with effects depending on absorbed dose/exposure duration. Exposures of 1, 3, and 5 min (SA 4, 12, and 20.1 kJ/kg) increased PFC formati…
Rats chronically exposed to continuous-wave 2,450-MHz microwaves (0.5 mW/cm2; SAR 0.14 W/kg) differed reliably from sham-exposed rats on only one behavioral measure (a lever-pressing operant task). The authors conclude exposure was below the threshold for beh…
Rats were repeatedly exposed to 2,450-MHz continuous-wave microwaves (5 mW/cm2) or sham conditions at ambient temperatures representing different cold stress levels (20°C or 30°C). Microwave exposure had no effect on mean growth rates at either exposure tempe…
Across ambient temperatures below 34°C, microwave-exposed mice had significantly greater survival than concurrently sham-exposed mice (approximately 20% higher). At ambient temperatures at or above 37°C, deaths from hyperthermia occurred, and the abstract sta…
Structural and functional changes in the central nervous system were reported to be similar for microwave and ionizing (gamma) radiation despite different mechanisms. With combined exposure, the sequence mattered: microwave before gamma showed antagonism, whi…
![[Structural and metabolic analysis of the reaction of the central nervous system to the combined action of microwave and ionizing radiations].](/mel/og.php?f=og_6212_70fcf8705c.png)
Behavioral (thermal responding) rates depended on an interaction between fixed-ratio schedule value and microwave intensity. FR-1 produced the lowest overall rates, while FR-15 and FR-25 produced the highest. Higher responding occurred at 62.5 W than at highe…
In MRC-5 human fibroblasts, continuous-wave and pulsed-wave microwave-range RFR exposures (350, 850, and 1200 MHz) for 1–3 h at 37°C showed no effect on the rate of UV-induced DNA repair synthesis. Pulsed-wave exposures at 350 and 850 MHz with medium held at …
Rats exposed for 8 h to continuous-wave 1.3 GHz microwave radiation at a mean specific absorbed dose rate of 9 mW/g showed an elevation of deep rectal temperature of 4.5°C. Despite this acute thermogenesis, the authors report no substantial decrement in measu…
Quail embryos irradiated continuously in ovo with 2.45 GHz continuous wave radiation for the first 12 days of embryogenesis showed no differences versus sham in hatchability, post-hatching mortality, egg production, egg weight, fertility, hatchability of eggs…
Rat cadavers (approximately 5–320 g; 5–22 cm) oriented perpendicular to the electric field were exposed to 2.45-GHz microwave radiation and SAR was measured calorimetrically (whole-body) and via time-temperature profiles (local). Whole-body SAR generally decr…
Pulsed microwave radiation tunable from 10 to 30 GHz was generated via parametric interaction of two near-infrared pulses in GaP crystals at low temperatures. The microwave pulses had duration of 30 nsec and power on the order of 1 mW.
A calculation method for the electric field scattered from a helical dielectric target was compared with an equivalent experiment at a 3.18 cm incident wavelength, and experimental intensities were compared to first-order theory.
Reviews dielectric properties (relative permittivity and electrical conductivity) of mammalian tissues and biological fluids across 1 Hz to 10 GHz, presenting typical data for materials and discussing influences such as water content, necrosis, and temperatur…
