After 60 days of 3G mobile phone exposure (2 h/day), exposed rats showed significantly increased DNA strand breaks in brain, and significant increases in micronuclei, caspase 3, and apoptosis (P < 0.05). Western blotting indicated a transient increase in phos…
Compared with sham, 1800 MHz microwave radiation was associated with reduced testicular sperm head count and reduced serum testosterone, and increased serum estradiol. Circadian rhythms of testicular sperm head count and estradiol disappeared after microwave …
![[Chronotoxicity of 1800 MHz microwave radiation on sex hormones and spermatogenesis in male mice].](/mel/og.php?f=og_6565_97295c69a2.png)
Exposure to 2.856 GHz radiation (30 mW/cm^2 for 6 minutes) induced injury in rat MMECs, with increased LDH leakage and apoptosis and decreased cell viability, alongside increased GRP78/CRT and pro-apoptotic signaling (increased CHOP and Bax, decreased Bcl-2).…
In rats, microwave radiation decreased microvascular diameters and blood perfusion and increased microvessel permeability. In cultured microvascular endothelial cells, microwave exposure induced stress fiber formation, apoptosis, and LDH leakage, increased pr…
Compared with controls, exposure to microwave radiation at average power densities of 10 and 30 mW/cm2 for 15 minutes was associated with decreased proliferation (at most timepoints from 1–24 h), increased apoptosis at 6 h, ultrastructural changes (e.g., cyto…
![[Microwave radiation induces injury to GC-2spd cells].](/mel/og.php?f=og_6561_ab3dad6375.png)
Microwave radiation (MR) induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in mouse microvascular endothelial cells (MMECs). Overexpression of cytosolic calreticulin (CRT) reduced MR-associated injury markers (lower apoptosis and LDH activity) and improved migration and st…
In a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of 250 inhabitants, multiple self-reported symptoms (e.g., nausea, headache, dizziness, irritability, depression, sleep disturbance, memory loss, lowered libido) were reported as statistically significantly more …
Both groups improved with training (decreased escape time). Microwave-exposed mice had a statistically significant higher mean latency to reach the target quadrant versus sham-exposed mice, and had decreased whole-brain protein levels compared with sham.
Exposure to 0.1 W/m^2 at either 1 GHz or 10 GHz RF-EMF significantly decreased ciliate motility. Non-exposed progeny of ciliates irradiated with 0.1 W/m^2 at 10 GHz showed significantly compromised motility across at least 10–15 generations.
Exposure to gadolinium (0.2–1.2 mM) caused concentration- and time-dependent decreases in cell viability and increases in MN frequency, DNA strand breaks, apoptosis, and ROS production in cultured human lymphocytes. Co-exposure to a 60-Hz ELF-EMF at 0.8 mT in…
Pregnant mice exposed to a 50 Hz, 3 mT electromagnetic field for 4 h/day during pregnancy had neonatal offspring whose ovaries showed mostly broken and irregularly arranged oocyte nests, less developed primordial follicles, and oocytes with heterochromatic/sh…
After multiple imputation and propensity score matching with doubly robust adjustment, residential proximity ≤50 m to an ELF-EMF source was associated with lower birth weight (-116 g; 95% CI: -224 to -7 g). No effect was found for proximity ≤100 m compared wi…
Rats exposed to low-level 2.45 GHz EMF showed increased 8-OHdG in both plasma and brain tissue, and increased AOPP in plasma only. Garlic administration (500 mg/kg daily) prevented the increase of brain 8-OHdG and plasma AOPP.
No calcification was found in rats with normal kidney function regardless of EMF exposure. In CKD rats, aortic root calcification was significantly higher with EMF exposure versus no EMF (mean Agatston score 138 ± 25 vs 80 ± 20; p<0.05), with massive and uniq…
Male mice exposed perinatally to ELF-EMF showed lack of normal sociability and reduced preference for social novelty, with decreased exploratory activity. Anxiety-like behavior, locomotion, motor coordination, and olfaction were reported as normal in exposed …
Negative geotaxis (climbing) in Drosophila is disrupted by a static electromagnetic field, and this behavioral effect is mediated by cryptochrome (CRY). Mutation of the terminal tryptophan in the proposed Trp triad did not abolish EMF responsiveness in climbi…
In mice, ELF-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 8 mT, 28 days) was associated with increased hippocampal glutamate and GABA contents, excessive NMDA receptor activation with increased NR2B and intracellular Ca2+, and altered MAPK-related signaling (decreased ERK1/2 and CRE…
Newly fertilized medaka embryos exposed continuously to a 3.2 kHz EMF at 15, 25, or 60 µT (vs 0.12 µT background control) developed significantly faster, with multiple developmental endpoints affected (e.g., somites, eye measures, midbrain width, head growth,…
Human HaCaT cells exposed to a 1.5 mT, 60 Hz ELF-EMF for 144 h showed G1 phase arrest, decreased colony formation, and activation of the ATM/Chk2 signaling cascade with increased p21 protein expression versus sham exposure. Suppression of CHK2 by siRNA dimini…
In human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, 50-Hz, 1 mT ELF-EMF exposure increased NOS expression and superoxide (O2(-)) levels, alongside compensatory changes in catalase (CAT) activity and enzymatic kinetic parameters related to CYP-450 and CAT. Cytokine gene expressi…
