[Chronotoxicity of 1800 MHz microwave radiation on sex hormones and spermatogenesis in male mice].

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To study the chronotoxicity of 1800 MHz micrwave radiation on the male reproductive system. METHODS: Sixty healthy male C57 mice with circadian rhythm in a 12:12 h light-dark photoperiod were divided into false radiation group (Sham) and microwave radiation (MR) group exposed to 1800 MHz RF at 208 microW/cm2 power (SAR: 0 .2221 W/kg) density at different zeitgeber times of a day (ZT01:00, ZT05:00, ZT09 : 00, ZT13: 00, ZT17 : 00, ZT21 : 00) for continuous 32 days with 2 h/d. The testicular sperm head was counted with a microscope, and serum testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) levels were measured by ELISA method. RESULTS: Compared with the sham group,microwave radiation induced reduced level in testicular sperm head count and serum testosterone, while the level of serum estradiol increased. Also, the circadian rhythms of testicular sperm head count and estradiol disappeared after the microwave radiation. CONCLUSION: 1800 MH2 microwave radiation may disturb the level as well as circadian rhythmicity of the reproductive functions in male mice.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Compared with sham, 1800 MHz microwave radiation was associated with reduced testicular sperm head count and reduced serum testosterone, and increased serum estradiol. Circadian rhythms of testicular sperm head count and estradiol disappeared after microwave radiation exposure.

Outcomes measured

• testicular sperm head count
• serum testosterone (T)
• serum estradiol (E2)
• circadian rhythmicity of sperm head count and estradiol

Limitations

• Exposure source/device not described in the abstract
• Details of randomization/blinding not reported in the abstract
• Only male mice studied; generalizability to humans not addressed in the abstract

Suggested hubs

• who-icnirp (0.2)
  Reports SAR-based RF exposure (0.2221 W/kg), potentially relevant to exposure guideline discussions.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 1800,
        "sar_wkg": 0.2220999999999999918731674597438541240990161895751953125,
        "duration": "2 h/day for 32 days (continuous) at different zeitgeber times (ZT01:00, ZT05:00, ZT09:00, ZT13:00, ZT17:00, ZT21:00)"
    },
    "population": "Male C57 mice",
    "sample_size": 60,
    "outcomes": [
        "testicular sperm head count",
        "serum testosterone (T)",
        "serum estradiol (E2)",
        "circadian rhythmicity of sperm head count and estradiol"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Compared with sham, 1800 MHz microwave radiation was associated with reduced testicular sperm head count and reduced serum testosterone, and increased serum estradiol. Circadian rhythms of testicular sperm head count and estradiol disappeared after microwave radiation exposure.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "Exposure source/device not described in the abstract",
        "Details of randomization/blinding not reported in the abstract",
        "Only male mice studied; generalizability to humans not addressed in the abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "1800 MHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "RF exposure",
        "chronotoxicity",
        "circadian rhythm",
        "male reproduction",
        "spermatogenesis",
        "testosterone",
        "estradiol",
        "mouse"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "who-icnirp",
            "weight": 0.200000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125,
            "reason": "Reports SAR-based RF exposure (0.2221 W/kg), potentially relevant to exposure guideline discussions."
        }
    ]
}

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