Electromagnetic field as a possible inhibitor of tumor invasion by declining E-cadherin/N-cadherin switching in triple negative breast cancer.

PAPER pubmed Electromagnetic biology and medicine 2024 In vitro study Effect: benefit Evidence: Very low

Read original paper → DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2024.2381575 PMID: 39045872 Evidence Lab

Abstract

Breast cancer has been recognized as the most common cancer affecting women. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure can influence cellular activities such as cell-cell junctions and metastasis. However, more research is required to determine these fields' underlying mechanisms of action. Since cadherin switching is an important process during EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), in this study, cadherin switching was regarded as one of the probable mechanisms of the effect of ELF-EMFs on metastasis suppression. For five days, breast cells received a 1 Hz, 100mT ELF-EMF (2 h/day). Cell invasion and migration were assessed in vitro by the Scratch wound healing assay and Transwell culture chambers. The expression of E- and N-cadherin was assessed using real-time PCR, western blotting, and Immunocytochemistry. ELF-EMF dramatically reduced the migration and invasion of MDA-MB 231 malignant cells compared to sham exposure, according to the results of the scratch test and the Transwell invasion test. The mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin showed an increase, while the N-cadherin expression was found with a decrease, in MDA-MB231 cells receiving 1 Hz EMF compared to sham exposure. E-cadherin's mRNA and protein expression levels were enhanced in MCF10A cells receiving 1 Hz EMF compared to sham exposure. ELF-EMF can be used as a method for the multifaceted treatments of invasive breast cancer.

AI evidence extraction

At a glance

Study type

In vitro study

Effect direction

benefit

Population

Breast cell lines (MDA-MB231 triple negative breast cancer cells; MCF10A cells)

Sample size

—

Exposure

ELF · 1.0E-6 MHz · 2 h/day for five days

Evidence strength

Very low

Confidence: 78% · Peer-reviewed: yes

Main findings

After exposure to a 1 Hz, 100 mT ELF-EMF for 2 h/day over five days, MDA-MB231 cells showed reduced migration and invasion versus sham. In MDA-MB231 cells, E-cadherin mRNA/protein increased and N-cadherin decreased versus sham; in MCF10A cells, E-cadherin mRNA/protein increased versus sham.

Outcomes measured

Cell migration (scratch wound healing assay)
Cell invasion (Transwell invasion assay)
E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression (RT-PCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry)
N-cadherin expression (RT-PCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry)
Cadherin switching/EMT-related markers

Limitations

In vitro study (cell culture), not human or animal outcomes
Sample size not reported in abstract
Only one exposure condition reported (1 Hz, 100 mT; 2 h/day for five days)
Mechanistic scope limited to cadherin expression and functional migration/invasion assays as described

View raw extracted JSON

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 9.99999999999999954748111825886258685613938723690807819366455078125e-7,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "2 h/day for five days"
    },
    "population": "Breast cell lines (MDA-MB231 triple negative breast cancer cells; MCF10A cells)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell migration (scratch wound healing assay)",
        "Cell invasion (Transwell invasion assay)",
        "E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression (RT-PCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry)",
        "N-cadherin expression (RT-PCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry)",
        "Cadherin switching/EMT-related markers"
    ],
    "main_findings": "After exposure to a 1 Hz, 100 mT ELF-EMF for 2 h/day over five days, MDA-MB231 cells showed reduced migration and invasion versus sham. In MDA-MB231 cells, E-cadherin mRNA/protein increased and N-cadherin decreased versus sham; in MCF10A cells, E-cadherin mRNA/protein increased versus sham.",
    "effect_direction": "benefit",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro study (cell culture), not human or animal outcomes",
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Only one exposure condition reported (1 Hz, 100 mT; 2 h/day for five days)",
        "Mechanistic scope limited to cadherin expression and functional migration/invasion assays as described"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "very_low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "ELF-EMF",
        "extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field",
        "1 Hz",
        "100 mT",
        "triple negative breast cancer",
        "MDA-MB231",
        "MCF10A",
        "migration",
        "invasion",
        "E-cadherin",
        "N-cadherin",
        "cadherin switching",
        "EMT"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract/metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.

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