Frequency-Dependent Antioxidant Responses in HT-1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells Exposed to Weak

Abstract

Frequency-Dependent Antioxidant Responses in HT-1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells Exposed to Weak Radio Frequency Fields Gurhan H, Barnes F. Frequency-Dependent Antioxidant Responses in HT-1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells Exposed to Weak Radio Frequency Fields. Antioxidants. 2024; 13(10):1237. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101237. Abstract This study explores the complex relationship between radio frequency (RF) exposure and cancer cells, focusing on the HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cell line. We investigated the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase, and glutathione (GSH), as well as mitochondrial superoxide levels and cell viability. Exposure to RF fields in the 2–5 MHz range at very weak intensities (20 nT) over 4 days resulted in distinct, frequency-specific cellular effects. Significant increases in SOD and GSH levels were observed at 4 and 4.5 MHz, accompanied by reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels and enhanced cell viability, suggesting improved mitochondrial function. In contrast, lower frequencies like 2.5 MHz induced oxidative stress, evidenced by GSH depletion and increased mitochondrial superoxide levels. The findings demonstrate that cancer cells exhibit frequency-specific sensitivity to RF fields even at intensities significantly below current safety standards, highlighting the need to reassess exposure limits. Additionally, our analysis of the radical pair mechanism (RPM) offers deeper insight into RF-induced cellular responses. The modulation of ROS and antioxidant enzyme activities is significant for cancer treatment and has broader implications for age-related diseases, where oxidative stress is a central factor in cellular degeneration. The findings propose that RF fields may serve as a therapeutic tool to selectively modulate oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in cancer cells, with antioxidants playing a key role in mitigating potential adverse effects. Open access paper: mdpi.com

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Exposure to very weak RF fields (2–5 MHz, 20 nT) for 4 days produced frequency-specific effects in HT-1080 cells. At 4 and 4.5 MHz, SOD and GSH increased with reduced mitochondrial superoxide and enhanced cell viability, while at 2.5 MHz oxidative stress indicators were reported (GSH depletion and increased mitochondrial superoxide).

Outcomes measured

• Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation
• Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels/activity
• Peroxidase levels/activity
• Glutathione (GSH) levels
• Mitochondrial superoxide levels
• Cell viability

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in abstract
• Specific exposure setup details beyond frequency range, intensity (20 nT), and duration not provided in abstract
• In vitro cancer cell line findings may not generalize to in vivo or human health outcomes

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "4 days"
    },
    "population": "HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cell line",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulation",
        "Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels/activity",
        "Peroxidase levels/activity",
        "Glutathione (GSH) levels",
        "Mitochondrial superoxide levels",
        "Cell viability"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Exposure to very weak RF fields (2–5 MHz, 20 nT) for 4 days produced frequency-specific effects in HT-1080 cells. At 4 and 4.5 MHz, SOD and GSH increased with reduced mitochondrial superoxide and enhanced cell viability, while at 2.5 MHz oxidative stress indicators were reported (GSH depletion and increased mitochondrial superoxide).",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Specific exposure setup details beyond frequency range, intensity (20 nT), and duration not provided in abstract",
        "In vitro cancer cell line findings may not generalize to in vivo or human health outcomes"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "radio frequency fields",
        "2–5 MHz",
        "20 nT",
        "HT-1080",
        "fibrosarcoma",
        "oxidative stress",
        "ROS",
        "SOD",
        "glutathione",
        "mitochondrial superoxide",
        "cell viability",
        "radical pair mechanism"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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