Differential metabolic responses of mouse Leydig and spermatogonia cells to radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This in vitro study used LC-MS metabolomics to assess how continuous versus intermittent RF-EMF irradiation affects mouse Leydig (TM3) and spermatogonia (GC-1) cells. The authors report stronger metabolic disturbances in TM3 cells under continuous exposure, including changes in amino acid and glutathione-related…
Effects of pulse-modulated radiofrequency magnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure on apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress and electron chain transport function in human neuroblastoma and murine microglial cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2020
This in vitro study exposed murine microglial (N9) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells to ELF-modulated 935 MHz RF-EMF at 4 W/kg for 2 or 24 hours. The authors report no changes in apoptosis, cell viability, or AIF across conditions. They report increased ATG5 after 24 hours and a transient glutathione increase…
Electromagnetic field exposure (50 Hz) impairs response to noxious heat in American cockroach.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This animal study examined whether 50 Hz electromagnetic field exposure (7 mT) affects heat-escape behavior and oxidative balance in American cockroaches. The authors report increased latency to escape from noxious heat after 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days of exposure. Biomarkers suggested oxidative stress, with elevated…
Effect of electromagnetic fields and antioxidants on the trace element content of rat teeth.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) from a high-voltage source alter trace element concentrations in rat teeth and whether antioxidants (melatonin and glutathione) modify these changes. Rats were exposed 8 hours/day for 26 or 52 days, with separate sham…
Effects of electromagnetic field produced by mobile phones on the oxidant and antioxidant status of rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2007
This rat study examined whether EMR from GSM mobile phones affects oxidant/antioxidant status. Compared with controls, exposed rats had lower plasma antioxidant vitamins (C, E, A), reduced glutathione, and lower CAT and SOD activities. The acute exposure condition was reported to produce larger decreases than the…