Differentiation of murine erythroleukemic cells during exposure to microwave radiation.

Abstract

Cultures of murine erythroleukemic cells undergoing erythroid differentiation in response to induction by hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) were exposed to 1180-MHz microwave (MW) radiation for 48 h while maintained at 37.4 degrees C by variable-temperature air flow. Exposures at 1180 MHz were at 5.5, 11, and 22 mW/cm2 with a normalized specific absorption rate of 3.32 W/kg per mW/cm2. HMBA-induced control cells were incubated in a 37.4 degrees C water bath. Mean cell doubling time was 16.5 h in both the irradiated cultures and the control cultures. About 65% of the cells of irradiated cultures and control cultures were benzidine-positive differentiated cells. Both the irradiated cultures and the control cultures contained approximately 58 micrograms of hemoglobin/mg total cytoplasmic protein. The absence of any change in these parameters suggests that MW radiation at 1180 MHz and similar frequencies exerts no effect on proliferation and differentiation of mammalian cells in the absence of hyperthermia.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Murine erythroleukemic cell cultures exposed to 1180-MHz microwave radiation for 48 h at 5.5, 11, and 22 mW/cm2 (temperature maintained at 37.4°C) showed similar mean cell doubling time, proportion of benzidine-positive differentiated cells, and hemoglobin content compared with HMBA-induced controls. The authors report no observed effect on proliferation or differentiation under these non-hyperthermic conditions.

Outcomes measured

• Cell proliferation (mean cell doubling time)
• Erythroid differentiation (benzidine-positive cells)
• Hemoglobin content (µg hemoglobin/mg total cytoplasmic protein)

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in abstract
• Only one cell type/model (murine erythroleukemic cells)
• Exposure duration limited to 48 h
• Outcomes limited to proliferation and selected differentiation/hemoglobin measures

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 1180,
        "sar_wkg": 3.319999999999999840127884453977458178997039794921875,
        "duration": "48 h"
    },
    "population": "Murine erythroleukemic cell cultures undergoing erythroid differentiation induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell proliferation (mean cell doubling time)",
        "Erythroid differentiation (benzidine-positive cells)",
        "Hemoglobin content (µg hemoglobin/mg total cytoplasmic protein)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Murine erythroleukemic cell cultures exposed to 1180-MHz microwave radiation for 48 h at 5.5, 11, and 22 mW/cm2 (temperature maintained at 37.4°C) showed similar mean cell doubling time, proportion of benzidine-positive differentiated cells, and hemoglobin content compared with HMBA-induced controls. The authors report no observed effect on proliferation or differentiation under these non-hyperthermic conditions.",
    "effect_direction": "no_effect",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Only one cell type/model (murine erythroleukemic cells)",
        "Exposure duration limited to 48 h",
        "Outcomes limited to proliferation and selected differentiation/hemoglobin measures"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "microwave radiation",
        "1180 MHz",
        "in vitro",
        "murine erythroleukemic cells",
        "erythroid differentiation",
        "HMBA",
        "specific absorption rate",
        "cell proliferation",
        "hemoglobin"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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