Effect of 2,450 MHz microwave radiation on the development of the rat brain.

Abstract

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 2,450 MHz microwave radiation at an incident power density of 10 mW/cm2 daily for 3 hours from day 4 of pregnancy (in utero exposure) through day 40 postpartum, except for 2 days at the perinatal period. The animals were killed, and the brains removed, weighed, measured, and histologically examined at 15, 20, 30, and 40 days of age. The histologic parameters examined included the cortical architecture of the cerebral cortex, the decline of the germinal layer along the lateral ventricles, the myelination of the corpus callosum, and the decline of the external germinal layer of the cerebellar cortex. In 40-day-old rats, quantitative measurements of neurons were also made. The spine density of the pyramidal cells in layer III of the somatosensory cortex, and the density of basal dendritic trees of the pyramidal cells in layer V were measured in Golgi-Cox impregnated specimens. In addition, the density of Purkinje cells and the extent of the Purkinje cell layer in each lobule were measured in midsagittal sections of the cerebellum stained with thionin. There were no remarkable differences between microwave-exposed and control (sham-irradiated) groups for any of the histologic or quantitative parameters examined; however, the findings provide important information on quantitative measurements of the brain. The data from this study failed to demonstrate that there is a significant effect on rat brain development due to microwave exposure (10 mW/cm2) during the embryonic, fetal, and postnatal periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

No remarkable differences were observed between microwave-exposed and sham-irradiated control groups for the histologic or quantitative parameters examined. The study did not demonstrate a significant effect of 10 mW/cm2, 2,450 MHz exposure during embryonic, fetal, and postnatal periods on rat brain development.

Outcomes measured

• Brain weight and measurements
• Histologic examination of brain development (cerebral cortex architecture; germinal layer decline; corpus callosum myelination; cerebellar external germinal layer decline)
• Quantitative neuronal measurements at 40 days (spine density of pyramidal cells layer III; basal dendritic tree density of pyramidal cells layer V)
• Cerebellar Purkinje cell density and layer extent

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in the provided abstract
• Exposure metric reported as incident power density; SAR not provided
• Abstract indicates truncation at 250 words (possible missing details)

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 2450,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "Daily 3 hours from day 4 of pregnancy through day 40 postpartum (except 2 days at perinatal period)"
    },
    "population": "Male Sprague-Dawley rats (in utero through postnatal exposure)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Brain weight and measurements",
        "Histologic examination of brain development (cerebral cortex architecture; germinal layer decline; corpus callosum myelination; cerebellar external germinal layer decline)",
        "Quantitative neuronal measurements at 40 days (spine density of pyramidal cells layer III; basal dendritic tree density of pyramidal cells layer V)",
        "Cerebellar Purkinje cell density and layer extent"
    ],
    "main_findings": "No remarkable differences were observed between microwave-exposed and sham-irradiated control groups for the histologic or quantitative parameters examined. The study did not demonstrate a significant effect of 10 mW/cm2, 2,450 MHz exposure during embryonic, fetal, and postnatal periods on rat brain development.",
    "effect_direction": "no_effect",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in the provided abstract",
        "Exposure metric reported as incident power density; SAR not provided",
        "Abstract indicates truncation at 250 words (possible missing details)"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "2450 MHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "rat",
        "brain development",
        "in utero exposure",
        "postnatal exposure",
        "histology",
        "Golgi-Cox",
        "Purkinje cells",
        "myelination",
        "power density 10 mW/cm2"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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