Electromagnetic Exposure Level of a Pure Electric Vehicle Inverter Based on a Real Human Body

Abstract

Electromagnetic Exposure Level of a Pure Electric Vehicle Inverter Based on a Real Human Body Dong X, Gao Y, Lu M. The Electromagnetic Exposure Level of a Pure Electric Vehicle Inverter Based on a Real Human Body. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(1):32. doi.org. Abstract In order to quantitatively analyze the electromagnetic exposure dose of an inverter in a pure electric vehicle to the driver’s body and assess the safety of the electromagnetic exposure, based on a real human anatomy model in the virtual home project, a real human model with several organs and tissues, including muscles, bones, a heart, lungs, a liver, kidneys, a bladder, a skull, a scalp, white matter, and a cerebellum, was constructed. The inverter of a pure electric vehicle is considered to be the electromagnetic exposure source; for this study, an equivalent electromagnetic environment model composed of a real human body, an inverter, and a vehicle body was built. The distribution of induced fields in the driver’s tissues and organs was calculated and analyzed using the finite element method. The results show that the distribution of the magnetic flux density, induced electric field, and induced current density in the driver’s body was affected by the spatial distance of the inverter. The farther the distance was, the weaker the value was. Specifically, due to the different dielectric properties of the different tissues, the induced field in the different tissues was significantly different. However, the maximum magnetic flux density over the space occupied by the driver’s body and induced electric field in the driver’s trunk and central nervous system satisfied the exposure limits of the International Commission on Non-Ionization Radiation Protection, indicating that the electromagnetic environments generated by the inverter proposed in this paper are safe for the vehicle driver’s health. The numerical results of this study could also effectively supplement the study of the electromagnetic environments of pure electric vehicles and provide some references for protecting the drivers of pure electric vehicles from electromagnetic radiation. Conclusions Based on the numerical results, we found that although the B-field in the central region of the inverter exceeds the reference level of the ICNIRP for general public exposure, when the distance from the inverter is increased, the B-field values sharply decrease. The maximum B-field over the space occupied by the driver’s body and the E-field in the driver’s trunk and CNS are all below the exposure limits defined by the ICNIRP for general public exposure. The electromagnetic environment generated by the inverter adopted in this study (12 kW, Semikron, Germany), at its rated state in the paper, is therefore safe and would not affect the PEV driver’s health. Additionally, the results of this study could effectively supplement research regarding the electromagnetic environment of PEVs and provide references for the formulation of industry standards for electromagnetic exposure and the design of vehicles that are safe in terms of electromagnetic exposure. Open access paper: mdpi.com

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Finite element modeling found that magnetic flux density, induced electric field, and induced current density in the driver’s body decreased with increasing distance from the inverter and differed across tissues due to dielectric property differences. Although the B-field in the central region of the inverter exceeded the ICNIRP reference level for general public exposure, the maximum B-field over the space occupied by the driver’s body and the E-field in the driver’s trunk and central nervous system were below ICNIRP exposure limits, and the authors conclude the inverter electromagnetic environment is safe for the driver’s health under the rated state studied (12 kW inverter).

Outcomes measured

• Magnetic flux density (B-field) distribution in driver body
• Induced electric field (E-field) in driver tissues/organs
• Induced current density in driver tissues/organs
• Compliance with ICNIRP exposure limits (general public)

Limitations

• Numerical/finite element simulation study (no direct measurements in humans reported)
• Exposure frequency characteristics not stated in the provided abstract
• Results pertain to the specific inverter and modeled configuration/distances described

Suggested hubs

• occupational-exposure (0.42)
  Exposure scenario concerns a vehicle driver’s proximity to an electric vehicle inverter and compares fields to ICNIRP limits.
• who-icnirp (0.7)
  Findings are framed around compliance with ICNIRP exposure limits/reference levels.

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    "study_type": "engineering",
    "exposure": {
        "band": null,
        "source": "pure electric vehicle inverter",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "Vehicle driver (modeled using a real human anatomy model with multiple organs/tissues)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Magnetic flux density (B-field) distribution in driver body",
        "Induced electric field (E-field) in driver tissues/organs",
        "Induced current density in driver tissues/organs",
        "Compliance with ICNIRP exposure limits (general public)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Finite element modeling found that magnetic flux density, induced electric field, and induced current density in the driver’s body decreased with increasing distance from the inverter and differed across tissues due to dielectric property differences. Although the B-field in the central region of the inverter exceeded the ICNIRP reference level for general public exposure, the maximum B-field over the space occupied by the driver’s body and the E-field in the driver’s trunk and central nervous system were below ICNIRP exposure limits, and the authors conclude the inverter electromagnetic environment is safe for the driver’s health under the rated state studied (12 kW inverter).",
    "effect_direction": "no_effect",
    "limitations": [
        "Numerical/finite element simulation study (no direct measurements in humans reported)",
        "Exposure frequency characteristics not stated in the provided abstract",
        "Results pertain to the specific inverter and modeled configuration/distances described"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "pure electric vehicle",
        "inverter",
        "electromagnetic exposure",
        "finite element method",
        "induced electric field",
        "magnetic flux density",
        "current density",
        "ICNIRP",
        "driver",
        "human anatomy model"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
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}

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