Mobile Electromagnetic Radiation Affects Vitelline Vessels Development in Chick Embryo: A Morphometric Study

Abstract

Mobile Electromagnetic Radiation Affects Vitelline Vessels Development in Chick Embryo: A Morphometric Study Al-Qudsi F, Al-Quahtani A. Mobile Electromagnetic Radiation Affects Vitelline Vessels Development in Chick Embryo: A Morphometric Study. Bioscience Research. 17(1):383-398. 2020. Abstract Smart mobile phone use has increased dramatically in the last five years. Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emitted from mobile phones might affect embryonic development. However the mechanism of this effect is not completely understood. Vitelline vessels are the first blood vessels formed, playing a vital role in embryonic nutrition during development. The aim of this research was to study the effect of mobile phone EMR (450-2100 MHz) on the formation of vitelline vessels in chick embryo (Gallus gallus domesticus) and detect the resulting congenital malformations. Fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups: control (C), exposed without call (EO) and exposed with call (EW). In EW group the mobile phone was called every 6 hours for 15 minutes, (60min/24hr.). While the EO group was exposed to a mobile phone connected through the Wi-Fi to the internet only. Embryos were extracted on day 2, 3, 4 and 5 of incubation. A major decrease in the formation of vitelline vessels was seen in the treated groups compared to the controls causing bleeding seen in several sites of the treated embryos. Congenital malformations increased in treated groups compared to the controls of all experimental ages. The congenital malformations seen were growth retardation, bleeding, clotting and neural tube defects. It was concluded that mobile phone EMR prevented proper formation of vitelline vessels resulting in deformed embryos. Open access paper: isisn.org

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Compared with controls, both exposed groups showed a major decrease in vitelline vessel formation, with bleeding observed at several sites. Congenital malformations were increased in treated groups across experimental ages (days 2–5), including growth retardation, bleeding, clotting, and neural tube defects.

Outcomes measured

• Vitelline vessel formation/development (morphometric)
• Bleeding in embryos
• Congenital malformations (growth retardation, bleeding, clotting, neural tube defects)

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in abstract
• Exposure metrics such as SAR/power density not reported
• Frequency range given (450–2100 MHz) but specific operating frequency not specified
• Randomization/blinding not described in abstract

Suggested hubs

• who-icnirp (0.2)
  Study concerns health/developmental effects of RF exposure from mobile phones, relevant to RF exposure guideline discussions.

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    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": "mobile phone",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "Called every 6 hours for 15 minutes (60 min/24 hr) in exposed-with-call group; exposed-without-call group exposed to phone connected via Wi‑Fi to internet only"
    },
    "population": "Chick embryo (Gallus gallus domesticus)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Vitelline vessel formation/development (morphometric)",
        "Bleeding in embryos",
        "Congenital malformations (growth retardation, bleeding, clotting, neural tube defects)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Compared with controls, both exposed groups showed a major decrease in vitelline vessel formation, with bleeding observed at several sites. Congenital malformations were increased in treated groups across experimental ages (days 2–5), including growth retardation, bleeding, clotting, and neural tube defects.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Exposure metrics such as SAR/power density not reported",
        "Frequency range given (450–2100 MHz) but specific operating frequency not specified",
        "Randomization/blinding not described in abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
    "keywords": [
        "mobile phone",
        "electromagnetic radiation",
        "RF",
        "450-2100 MHz",
        "chick embryo",
        "vitelline vessels",
        "angiogenesis",
        "congenital malformations",
        "neural tube defects",
        "morphometric study"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "who-icnirp",
            "weight": 0.200000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125,
            "reason": "Study concerns health/developmental effects of RF exposure from mobile phones, relevant to RF exposure guideline discussions."
        }
    ]
}

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