Treatment of Common Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Seeds with Radio-frequency Electromagnetic Field and Cold Plasma Induces Changes in Seed Phytohormone Balance, Seedling Development and Leaf Protein Expression.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This study assessed pre-sowing sunflower seed treatments using vacuum, 5.28 MHz radio-frequency cold plasma, and an electromagnetic field for varying durations. The authors report faster germination with cold plasma (7 min) and EMF (15 min), while germination percentage was mostly unchanged except for a decrease…
Evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of electromagnetic fields and coenzyme Q on hippocampal injury in mouse.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This animal study tested whether 50 Hz EMF exposure and/or CoQ10 could protect against TMT-induced hippocampal injury in mature female mice. CoQ10 and CoQ10+EMF were associated with improved spatial memory and reduced histological markers of cell death, alongside increased antiapoptotic markers. EMF alone reportedly…
Global gene expression changes reflecting pleiotropic effects of Irpex lacteus induced by low--intensity electromagnetic field.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This laboratory study used RNA-seq to examine how low-intensity electromagnetic field (LI-EMF) exposure affects global gene expression in the fungus Irpex lacteus. Thousands of differentially expressed genes were reported immediately after exposure, with fewer changes after 3 h and 6 h recovery, and a subset of genes…
Geobacter sulfurreducens-inoculated bioelectrochemical system reveals the potential of metabolic current in defining the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field on living cells.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This laboratory study exposed a Geobacter sulfurreducens-inoculated bioelectrochemical system to 0–128 Gauss extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. The authors report increased and oscillatory metabolic current under ELF-EMF exposure, with dose-dependent effects and a linear relationship between oscillation…
Decreased dopamine in striatum and difficult locomotor recovery from MPTP insult after exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.
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Jan 1, 2019
This animal study reports that chronic RF-EMF exposure (835 MHz, SAR 4.0 W/kg, 5 h/day for 12 weeks) affected striatal neuronal markers in C57BL/6 mice. The authors observed reductions in synaptic vesicle-related measures and dopaminergic markers, including dopamine concentration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression.…
Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMF) on honey bee queen development and mating success.
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Jan 1, 2019
This animal study exposed honey bee queen larvae to RF-EMF from a common mobile phone (GSM 900 MHz) across all pre-adult developmental stages for 14 days. The authors report a significantly reduced queen hatching ratio, while mating success was not affected. For queens that successfully mated, subsequent colony…
Protective effects of luteolin on rat testis following exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic field.
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Jan 1, 2019
This rat study examined 900 MHz EMF exposure effects on testes and whether luteolin modifies those effects. EMF exposure was associated with reduced testicular cell counts, lower testis weight and serum testosterone, increased SOD activity, and changes in sperm morphology versus controls. Luteolin co-treatment was…
Effect of short exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on saliva biomarkers: a study on the electrohypersensitive individuals.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This double-blind provocation study examined whether short RF-EMF exposure alters salivary biomarkers in electrohypersensitive (EHS) individuals. Ten participants underwent sham and real exposure sessions with consecutive GSM 900, GSM 1800, DECT, and Wi‑Fi signals for 5 minutes each. The study reports no significant…
Effect of Modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill () on Tip60-Mediated Apoptosis in Testis of Male Rats after Microwave Radiation.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This animal study exposed male rats to a single 15-minute microwave radiation session and assessed testicular apoptosis, histopathology, and related proteins. The radiation group showed increased apoptosis and testicular structural alterations versus controls at multiple time points, while a modified Wuzi Yanzong…
Hepatocellular carcinoma therapy finds a channel on the radio
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Jan 1, 2019
This EBioMedicine commentary discusses tumour-specific amplitude-modulated RF EMF as an anti-cancer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and highlights Cav3.2 (CACNA1H) T-type calcium channels as a proposed mediator of the effect. It notes that the reported whole-body averaged SAR in a treated HCC patient was below…
Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies in Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) rats exposed to whole-body radio frequency radiation at a frequency (900 MHz) and modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by cell phones
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Jan 1, 2018
This National Toxicology Program technical report describes 900 MHz whole-body RFR exposures (GSM and CDMA) in male and female Sprague Dawley rats from in utero through up to 2 years. The report concludes clear evidence of carcinogenic activity in males for both modulations based on malignant schwannoma of the heart,…
Effects of single and combined low frequency electromagnetic fields and simulated microgravity on gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenesis.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed human mesenchymal stem cell pellets undergoing chondrogenesis to simulated microgravity (SMG), low-frequency EMF (5 mT, 15 Hz), or both for 3 weeks. SMG significantly changed gene expression and reduced chondrogenic marker expression (including COL2A1). LF-EMF alone showed no…
Acute exposure to high-induction electromagnetic field affects activity of model peripheral sensory neurons.
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Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study examined acute low-frequency electromagnetic field (LF-EMF) exposure using high-induction magnetic stimulation in F11 cells, a dorsal root ganglia neuron-derived model of peripheral sensory neurons. Short-term exposure (
Modulation of antioxidant enzyme gene expression by extremely low frequency electromagnetic field in post-stroke patients.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This study evaluated whether adding extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) therapy to standard physical therapy modulates antioxidant gene expression in post-stroke patients. Forty-eight patients were split into an ELF-EMF group and a non-ELF-EMF group, with both groups receiving the same physical…
Evaluation of the safety of users of active implantable medical devices (AIMD) in the working environment in terms of exposure to electromagnetic fields - Practical approach to the requirements of European Directive 2013/35/EU.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This study assessed electromagnetic field exposure near common strong EMF sources in medical and industrial workplaces to estimate standard safety distances (SSD) for workers using active implantable medical devices (AIMD). Using measurements near 127 devices, the longest SSDs were reported near dielectric sealers…
Electromagnetic Field Analysis of Low-Magnitude High-Frequency Vibrator with Multiple Plungers.
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Jan 1, 2018
This conference paper describes an engineering design for a low-magnitude high-frequency vibrator with multiple plungers, aiming to minimize electromagnetic fields during vibrational stimulation experiments. The authors analyze the device’s EMF using finite element methods in COMSOL. No direct biological or health…
Fas/FasL pathway and cytokines in keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis - Manipulation by the electromagnetic field.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed keratinocytes from atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls, plus two keratinocyte cell lines, to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field for 60 minutes. AD-derived keratinocytes showed higher Fas/FasL signaling markers and increased secretion of multiple cytokines versus controls. EMF…
Symptom Presentation in Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance With Attribution to Electromagnetic Fields: Evidence for a Nocebo Effect Based on Data Re-Analyzed From Two Previous Provocation Studies.
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Jan 1, 2018
This paper re-analyzes data from two prior double-blind provocation studies involving RF base station signals and sham exposures. Symptoms and reduced well-being were more strongly associated with participants' belief that the base station was "on" than with the exposure condition itself. The authors conclude that a…
Non-Ionizing Radiation for Cardiac Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Commitment: A Physical Strategy in Regenerative Medicine.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells to an ELF-EMF stimulus (7 Hz, 2.5 µT) and compared responses with a nitric oxide chemical treatment. The authors report reduced cell proliferation with no change in metabolic activity, vitality, or apoptosis after ELF-EMF exposure. They also report…
The legacy effects of electromagnetic fields on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This animal study examined whether electromagnetic field (EMF) pretreatment has lasting (“legacy”) effects on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and whether EMF-pretreated BMSC sheets improve fracture nonunion healing in rats. The authors report increased BMSC proliferation and enhanced…
Effect of acute exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted by a mobile phone (GSM 900 MHz) on electrodermal responsiveness in healthy human.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This study examined whether acute GSM 900 MHz mobile phone exposure affects electrodermal activity responses to auditory stimuli in 28 young volunteers. The authors report no exposure-related changes in SCR latency, amplitude, integral, or number of responses. Session differences in skin conductance/tonic…
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field reduces oxidative stress during the rehabilitation of post-acute stroke patients.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This study evaluated ELF-EMF magnetotherapy as an adjunct to post-acute ischemic stroke rehabilitation in 57 patients, comparing those who received ELF-EMF therapy with those who did not. The authors report that oxidative stress markers (TBARS, thiol, and carbonyl groups) decreased more in the ELF-EMF group than in…
A 60 Hz uniform electromagnetic field promotes human cell proliferation by decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study examined effects of a 6 mT, 60 Hz uniform ELF electromagnetic field on HeLa cells and primary IMR-90 fibroblasts. Single or repetitive exposure did not induce DNA damage or change viability, but continuous exposure over 168 hours was reported to increase proliferation in both cell types in a…
Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic fields exposure throughout middle/late adolescence on the kidney morphology and biochemistry of the female rat.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This animal study examined kidney effects in female rats exposed to continuous 900 MHz EMF for 1 hour daily during postnatal days 35–59. The authors report multiple histopathological alterations in kidneys of the EMF-exposed group, while control and sham groups showed no pathology. TOS and OSI were reported to be…
Effect of Microwave Wi-Fi Radiation at Frequency of 2.4 GHz on Epileptic Behavior of Rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This animal study exposed rats to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation for 2 hours at 30 cm from a commercial router and assessed PTZ-induced convulsive behavior. The Wi-Fi "on" PTZ group showed significant differences in seizure event counts and summed severity scores versus comparison groups, while several timing and duration…