Evening smartphone exposure impairs sleep quality and next-day performance in elite soccer players: a randomized controlled trial.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This randomized controlled crossover trial in 16 male elite soccer players compared two hours of smartphone use before bedtime with magazine reading. Five consecutive nights of pre-bedtime smartphone use significantly worsened multiple sleep metrics and increased sleepiness. The study also reports…
Extremely Low Frequency Radiation Enhances Soybean Chlorophyll Index and Nutrient Use Efficiency Under Suboptimal Conditions.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
MEDIUM
This controlled plant study evaluated extremely low frequency (ELF) non-ionizing radiation treatments (TA and TB) on soybean morphophysiological parameters under varying nutrient solution strengths (50%, 75%, 100% Hoagland). The authors report that ELF significantly increased chlorophyll index,…
The promising regenerative potential of pulsed electromagnetic fields toward tendon differentiation : a hamstring tendon explant culture study.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 REASSURANCE
LOW
This ex vivo 3D hamstring tendon explant culture study exposed samples from nine donors to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) for 21 days, eight hours per day. The authors report increased expression of tendon-related markers (scleraxis, collagen I and VI) and tenogenic differentiation-related…
Efficacy of nonablative radiofrequency on sexual function in postmenopausal women: a randomized clinical trial.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 REASSURANCE
MEDIUM
This single-blind randomized controlled trial evaluated nonablative capacitive-resistive monopolar radiofrequency versus sham in postmenopausal women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause. The intervention group reported significantly greater improvements in sexual function (FSFI) and vaginal…
Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field Exposure (50 Hz, 200 µT) on Cell Viability, DNA Damage and Micronucleus Formation of Human Skin Cells.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 REASSURANCE
MEDIUM
This in vitro study tested whether 50 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic fields at 200 µT (rms) affect human skin cells (HaCaT). Using blinded, simultaneous exposure and sham-exposure for 2 or 24 hours, the authors assessed cell viability, DNA integrity, and micronucleus formation. The abstract…
The influence of smartphone addiction on sleep quality among college students: The parallel mediating roles of perceived stress and health-promoting lifestyle.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This cross-sectional study surveyed 2,317 college students to examine associations between smartphone addiction and sleep quality. Smartphone addiction was associated with poorer sleep quality, and mediation analyses indicated that higher perceived stress and lower health-promoting lifestyle…
Prediction of smartphone overdependence and analysis of its influencing factors among older adults based on machine learning.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
MEDIUM
This study used panel data from South Korea's 2023 Smartphone Overdependence Survey to build and compare machine-learning models predicting smartphone overdependence among adults aged 60+. Among evaluated classifiers, XGBoost had the best reported predictive performance (accuracy 0.925). The most…
Reciprocal associations between smartphone overdependence and anxiety in adolescents: evidence from a nationally representative survey in the Republic of Korea.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This secondary analysis of a nationally representative Korean adolescent survey examined bidirectional associations between smartphone overdependence and anxiety. In adjusted models, high risk for smartphone overdependence was associated with higher odds of anxiety, and severe anxiety was…
Problematic smartphone use and disengagement in first-year college students: A daily diary study of between- and within-person differences.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This 30-day daily diary study of 104 first-year undergraduates in China examined links between problematic smartphone use (PSU) and disengagement at within- and between-person levels. The analyses reported bidirectional next-day associations, where higher-than-usual PSU predicted higher-than-usual…
The International Collaborative Animal Study of The Carcinogenicity and Genotoxicity of Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Radiation: The Korean Study.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 REASSURANCE
MEDIUM
This chronic animal bioassay assessed carcinogenicity and genotoxicity of CDMA-modulated 900 MHz RF exposure at a whole-body SAR of 4 W/kg using a shared Korea–Japan protocol. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed starting on gestational day 5 with daily intermittent exposure for long durations,…
Dose-dependent impact of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on the neuroplasticity in the hippocampus of adult rats.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This animal study examined whether 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure at two intensities (1 mT vs 7 mT) alters hippocampal gene transcripts related to neuroplasticity and cell survival in adult rats across repeated exposure cycles. The authors report intensity- and exposure-number-dependent modulation of mRNA…
Effects of electromagnetic fields on flatfish activity levels.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
MEDIUM
This tank-based animal study examined whether realistic electromagnetic fields (AC up to ~15 μT RMS; DC up to ~19.6 μT) affect flatfish behavior near simulated subsea power cable exposure. The authors report no attraction or avoidance of the EMF zone and no behavioral differences inside versus…
Effects of electromagnetic fields from an alternating current power cable on the embryogenesis of three benthic associated marine species.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
A laboratory experiment exposed embryos of three benthic egg-laying marine species to realistic electromagnetic fields generated by an alternating-current subsea power cable set-up (magnetic field 4–6 μT). Subtle effects were reported for Scyliorhinus canicula and Loligo vulgaris, including faster…
Effect of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields used for subsurface oil and gas exploration (controlled-source electromagnetics, CSEM) on the fertilization success and embryonic development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 REASSURANCE
MEDIUM
This laboratory animal study tested whether electromagnetic fields (EMFs) representative of controlled-source electromagnetics (CSEM) surveys affect Atlantic cod reproduction and early development. Two single 15-minute exposure experiments were conducted: exposure of males prior to sperm…
Mobile phone MIMO antenna array miniaturization-based low SAR research in the combined EMF.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 CONCERN
MEDIUM
This engineering/simulation study evaluates tissue SAR from a smartphone operating under single-frequency versus combined (simultaneous 4G and 5G) RF exposure scenarios using multi-pose human models. It reports that peak SAR in various tissues under multi-frequency exposure was 1.02 to 15.85 times…
Complete mitochondrial genome of marine wood borer E. P. Wright, 1866 (Bivalvia: Teredinidae) from Beihai, Guangxi, China.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
UNKNOWN
This paper reports the first complete mitochondrial genome of a marine wood borer specimen collected in Beihai, Guangxi, China. It describes genome length, gene content, and nucleotide composition, and presents a phylogenetic analysis. The Beihai specimen clusters with conspecifics from Hainan,…
Priapism as an Initial Presentation of Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
LOW
This case report describes a 21-year-old man presenting with four days of painful priapism who was subsequently diagnosed with sickle cell disease by laboratory testing and hemoglobin electrophoresis. Standard initial urologic interventions failed, requiring shunt surgery, and a recurrence…
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics among artificially sweetened beverages consumers in Korea.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
MEDIUM
This cross-sectional analysis used 2021–2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to describe intake levels and characteristics of artificially sweetened beverage (ASB) consumers. Among 320 adults who consumed ASBs, those with higher intake were younger, more often male, and…
Risk factors for suboptimal target attainment of commonly used ß-lactam antibiotics in older adults: a prospective cohort study.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
MEDIUM
This prospective observational pharmacokinetic study in geriatric inpatients (≥75 years) assessed whether standard IV dosing of amoxicillin-clavulanate and piperacillin-tazobactam achieved a 100% fT>MIC target. Target attainment was lower for amoxicillin-clavulanate than for…
Two pathogenetic intronic variants in SPG4/SPAST and expansion of the clinical presentation.
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026 NEUTRAL
UNKNOWN
This study functionally characterizes two rare intronic SPAST (SPG4) variants found in two independent families (Brazilian and Japanese). The authors report that both variants affect splicing and provide segregation and clinical descriptions of affected individuals. They also report co-segregation…