Effect of continuous-wave and amplitude-modulated 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the liver and brain aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases of in utero exposed mice.

Abstract

Investigations have been carried out concerning the effects of microwave (MW) exposure on the aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase of the progeny of females that were exposed during their entire period of gestation (19 days). The changes caused by continuous-wave (CW) and amplitude-modulated (AM) MW radiation have been compared. CFLP mice were exposed to MW radiation for 100 min each day in an anechoic room. The MW frequency was 2.45 GHz, and the amplitude modulation had a 50 Hz rectangular waveform (on/off ratio, 50/50%). The average power density exposure was 3 mW/cm2, and the whole body specific absorption rate (SAR) was 4.23 +/- 0.63 W/kg. The weight and mortality of the progeny were followed until postnatal day 24. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes and tRNA from the brains and livers of the offspring (461 exposed, 487 control) were isolated. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities were determined. The postnatal increase of body weight and organ weight was not influenced by the prenatal MW radiation. The activity of enzyme isolated from the brain showed a significant decrease after CW MW exposure, but the changes were not significant after 50 Hz AM MW exposure. The activity of the enzyme isolated from liver increased under CW and 50 Hz modulated MW.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Prenatal microwave exposure (2.45 GHz; 3 mW/cm2; whole-body SAR 4.23 ± 0.63 W/kg) did not influence postnatal body weight gain or organ weight through postnatal day 24. Brain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity significantly decreased after continuous-wave exposure but not after 50 Hz amplitude-modulated exposure. Liver enzyme activity increased under both continuous-wave and 50 Hz amplitude-modulated exposure.

Outcomes measured

• offspring body weight gain (to postnatal day 24)
• offspring organ weight
• brain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity
• liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity

Limitations

• No details provided in abstract on randomization/blinding or allocation procedures.
• Only enzyme activity endpoints in brain and liver are described; broader functional/clinical outcomes are not reported in the abstract.
• Exposure conditions are specific (2.45 GHz; CW vs 50 Hz AM; 3 mW/cm2; SAR 4.23 W/kg), which may limit generalizability.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 2450,
        "sar_wkg": 4.230000000000000426325641456060111522674560546875,
        "duration": "100 min/day during entire gestation (19 days)"
    },
    "population": "CFLP mice; offspring of females exposed during gestation",
    "sample_size": 948,
    "outcomes": [
        "offspring body weight gain (to postnatal day 24)",
        "offspring organ weight",
        "brain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity",
        "liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Prenatal microwave exposure (2.45 GHz; 3 mW/cm2; whole-body SAR 4.23 ± 0.63 W/kg) did not influence postnatal body weight gain or organ weight through postnatal day 24. Brain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity significantly decreased after continuous-wave exposure but not after 50 Hz amplitude-modulated exposure. Liver enzyme activity increased under both continuous-wave and 50 Hz amplitude-modulated exposure.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "No details provided in abstract on randomization/blinding or allocation procedures.",
        "Only enzyme activity endpoints in brain and liver are described; broader functional/clinical outcomes are not reported in the abstract.",
        "Exposure conditions are specific (2.45 GHz; CW vs 50 Hz AM; 3 mW/cm2; SAR 4.23 W/kg), which may limit generalizability."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "2.45 GHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "continuous-wave",
        "amplitude-modulated",
        "50 Hz modulation",
        "prenatal exposure",
        "in utero",
        "mouse",
        "brain",
        "liver",
        "aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase",
        "SAR"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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