Effects of radiofrequency radiation on human ferritin: an in vitro enzymun assay.

Abstract

Ferritin is a macromolecule and is responsible for the long term iron storage function in human serum and plasma. Recent studies have highlighted the role of cell phone exposure on central nervous system, immune function and reproduction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the human serum ferritin level could be interfered by the exposure to the 900 MHz GSM cell phones. Fifty human serum wells from 25 normal healthy donors were labeled with ruthenium to form a sandwich complex based on an immunoassay technique. All of them were placed into two batches, and the well heads in the first batch were exposed to 900 MHz exposure emitted from a speech mode cell phone (Nokia, Model 1202, India) for 30 min. Unexposed batch was served as the control sample under identical conditions and was compared with the exposed one in quantitative determination of ferritin using the Wilcoxon test with criterion level of P = 0.050. Human serum wells in the exposed batch showed a significant decrease in serum ferritin relative to the control batch (P = 0.029). The average ± SD ferritin level in the exposed batch was 84.94 ± 1.04 μg/L while it was 87.25 ± 0.83 μg/L for the unexposed batch. Radiofrequency electromagnetic waves emitted from cell phones may lead to oxidative stress and rapid diffusion of the human ferritin level in an in vitro enzymun assay. Also, the enzyme activity can be affected. Effects of exposure from mobile phones must be considered further.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Serum wells exposed to 900 MHz GSM cell phone radiation for 30 minutes showed a statistically significant decrease in measured ferritin compared with unexposed control wells (P = 0.029). Mean ± SD ferritin was 84.94 ± 1.04 μg/L in exposed wells versus 87.25 ± 0.83 μg/L in controls.

Outcomes measured

• Serum ferritin level (μg/L) measured by immunoassay (in vitro enzymun assay)

Limitations

• In vitro assay using serum wells; findings may not translate to in vivo human physiology.
• Exposure details beyond frequency and duration (e.g., SAR, power density, distance) not reported in the abstract.
• Single phone model and single exposure condition (speech mode, 30 min).
• Mechanistic statements (e.g., oxidative stress, enzyme activity effects) are suggested but not directly demonstrated in the reported results.

Suggested hubs

• mobile-phones-rf (0.9)
  Study tests 900 MHz GSM cell phone exposure on a biomarker in an in vitro assay.

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": "mobile phone",
        "frequency_mhz": 900,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "30 min"
    },
    "population": "Human serum from 25 normal healthy donors (50 serum wells)",
    "sample_size": 50,
    "outcomes": [
        "Serum ferritin level (μg/L) measured by immunoassay (in vitro enzymun assay)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Serum wells exposed to 900 MHz GSM cell phone radiation for 30 minutes showed a statistically significant decrease in measured ferritin compared with unexposed control wells (P = 0.029). Mean ± SD ferritin was 84.94 ± 1.04 μg/L in exposed wells versus 87.25 ± 0.83 μg/L in controls.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro assay using serum wells; findings may not translate to in vivo human physiology.",
        "Exposure details beyond frequency and duration (e.g., SAR, power density, distance) not reported in the abstract.",
        "Single phone model and single exposure condition (speech mode, 30 min).",
        "Mechanistic statements (e.g., oxidative stress, enzyme activity effects) are suggested but not directly demonstrated in the reported results."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "ferritin",
        "human serum",
        "immunoassay",
        "enzymun assay",
        "radiofrequency",
        "GSM",
        "900 MHz",
        "mobile phone exposure",
        "in vitro"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "mobile-phones-rf",
            "weight": 0.90000000000000002220446049250313080847263336181640625,
            "reason": "Study tests 900 MHz GSM cell phone exposure on a biomarker in an in vitro assay."
        }
    ]
}

Comments

Log in to comment.

No comments yet.