Experimental Study of Stress Reactions Induced by Low-Intensity Microwave Radiation

Abstract

Category: Experimental Biology Tags: microwave radiation, electromagnetic fields, stress response, mice, hematopoietic system, adaptation, bioeffects DOI: 10.1134/s1062359024701802 URL: link.springer.com Overview This study investigated how exposure to low-intensity microwave radiation affects the blood system and immune-related organs in mice. Researchers examined several physiological indicators, including: - Number of myelokaryocytes (bone marrow cells) in the femur 🦴 - Level of colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) in exo and endotests 🔬 - Hemolytic resistance of erythrocytes 🧬 - Mass and cellularity of the thymus 🫀 Mice were exposed to monochromatic pulsed electromagnetic fields in the 2.27-2.78 GHz frequency range, with an average power flux density of 60 μW/cm² and doses ranging from 0.086 to 0.86 J/g. Findings The study found that repeated exposure to electromagnetic fields caused cumulative biological effects. These effects led to the development of a "stress-like" adaptive reaction in the animals, as reflected by changes in the measured blood system and immune organ indicators. Conclusion The experiments demonstrate that repeated low-intensity microwave radiation induces stress reactions and physiological adaptation in mice. The connection between electromagnetic field exposure and biological stress responses highlights the importance of continued research into EMF-related health risks and mechanisms of adaptation.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Repeated exposure to monochromatic pulsed electromagnetic fields (2.27–2.78 GHz; average power flux density 60 μW/cm²; doses 0.086–0.86 J/g) produced cumulative biological effects in mice, described as a “stress-like” adaptive reaction reflected by changes in measured hematopoietic and immune-organ indicators.

Outcomes measured

• Number of myelokaryocytes in femur bone marrow
• Colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) in exo and endotests
• Hemolytic resistance of erythrocytes
• Thymus mass and cellularity
• Stress-like adaptive reaction / stress response indicators in blood and immune-related organs

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in the provided abstract
• Exposure duration/schedule not reported in the provided abstract
• No quantitative results or effect sizes provided in the provided abstract
• Animal study; human health implications not directly assessed

Suggested hubs

• who-icnirp (0.2)
  Animal bioeffects study relevant to broader EMF health-risk evidence base often considered in guideline discussions.

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        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "Mice",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Number of myelokaryocytes in femur bone marrow",
        "Colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) in exo and endotests",
        "Hemolytic resistance of erythrocytes",
        "Thymus mass and cellularity",
        "Stress-like adaptive reaction / stress response indicators in blood and immune-related organs"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Repeated exposure to monochromatic pulsed electromagnetic fields (2.27–2.78 GHz; average power flux density 60 μW/cm²; doses 0.086–0.86 J/g) produced cumulative biological effects in mice, described as a “stress-like” adaptive reaction reflected by changes in measured hematopoietic and immune-organ indicators.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in the provided abstract",
        "Exposure duration/schedule not reported in the provided abstract",
        "No quantitative results or effect sizes provided in the provided abstract",
        "Animal study; human health implications not directly assessed"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
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    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "microwave radiation",
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        "2.27–2.78 GHz",
        "power flux density",
        "60 μW/cm²",
        "dose",
        "0.086–0.86 J/g",
        "mice",
        "stress response",
        "adaptation",
        "hematopoietic system",
        "bone marrow",
        "CFU-S",
        "erythrocytes",
        "thymus"
    ],
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