Role of radio-frequency electromagnetic waves in causing oxidative stress

Abstract

Category: Toxicology, Developmental Biology Tags: radio-frequency, electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, chick embryo, mitochondria, HSP70, cell damage DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-18807-7.00005-3 URL: sciencedirect.com Overview This study investigates the effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by cell phones on the heart, liver, and brain of developing chick embryos. Forty fertilized chick eggs were randomly divided into an exposed group and a control group. - The exposed group was incubated with a mobile phone that was called externally 10 times daily for 5 minutes each (totaling 50 minutes daily exposure). - Eggs were maintained within one wavelength (16.5 cm) of a mobile phone emitting at 1800 MHz. - Embryos were sacrificed at days 10 and 15 of development for analysis. Findings - Electron microscopy revealed elongated, dumbbell-shaped mitochondria in hepatocytes, swollen mitochondria in neurons, and damaged mitochondria as well as intercalated discs in cardiomyocytes of exposed groups. - Levels of heat shock protein HSP70 were increased in the cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes of exposed embryos, confirming the presence of oxidative stress. Conclusion The study documents clear evidence that radio-frequency electromagnetic waves can induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in heart, liver, and neuronal tissues of developing embryos. The findings strongly support the link between electromagnetic field exposure and harmful cellular effects. Further research is encouraged to elucidate the full mechanisms, particularly the pathway to apoptosis triggered by mitochondrial damage under RFW exposure.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Forty fertilized chick eggs were randomized to mobile-phone RF exposure (1800 MHz; within 16.5 cm; 50 min/day) or control. Exposed embryos showed mitochondrial abnormalities/damage in liver, brain, and heart tissues on electron microscopy, and increased HSP70 levels in cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, interpreted as evidence of oxidative stress.

Outcomes measured

• Oxidative stress (HSP70 levels)
• Mitochondrial morphology/damage in hepatocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes (electron microscopy)
• Cellular/ultrastructural damage (including intercalated discs in cardiomyocytes)

Limitations

• SAR or dosimetry not reported in the abstract
• Limited methodological detail on exposure setup beyond distance/frequency and calling schedule
• Outcomes described qualitatively; quantitative effect sizes/statistics not provided in the abstract

Suggested hubs

• mobile-phones (0.9)
  Exposure source is a mobile phone called repeatedly near embryos.
• rf-oxidative-stress (0.85)
  Primary outcome is oxidative stress (HSP70) and mitochondrial damage under RF exposure.

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    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": "mobile phone",
        "frequency_mhz": 1800,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "50 minutes daily exposure; phone called externally 10 times/day for 5 minutes each; embryos analyzed at days 10 and 15"
    },
    "population": "Developing chick embryos (fertilized chick eggs)",
    "sample_size": 40,
    "outcomes": [
        "Oxidative stress (HSP70 levels)",
        "Mitochondrial morphology/damage in hepatocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes (electron microscopy)",
        "Cellular/ultrastructural damage (including intercalated discs in cardiomyocytes)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Forty fertilized chick eggs were randomized to mobile-phone RF exposure (1800 MHz; within 16.5 cm; 50 min/day) or control. Exposed embryos showed mitochondrial abnormalities/damage in liver, brain, and heart tissues on electron microscopy, and increased HSP70 levels in cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, interpreted as evidence of oxidative stress.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "SAR or dosimetry not reported in the abstract",
        "Limited methodological detail on exposure setup beyond distance/frequency and calling schedule",
        "Outcomes described qualitatively; quantitative effect sizes/statistics not provided in the abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
    "keywords": [
        "radio-frequency",
        "electromagnetic fields",
        "mobile phone",
        "1800 MHz",
        "oxidative stress",
        "HSP70",
        "mitochondria",
        "chick embryo",
        "heart",
        "liver",
        "brain",
        "electron microscopy"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "mobile-phones",
            "weight": 0.90000000000000002220446049250313080847263336181640625,
            "reason": "Exposure source is a mobile phone called repeatedly near embryos."
        },
        {
            "slug": "rf-oxidative-stress",
            "weight": 0.84999999999999997779553950749686919152736663818359375,
            "reason": "Primary outcome is oxidative stress (HSP70) and mitochondrial damage under RF exposure."
        }
    ]
}

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