Modulation of Zebrafish Heart Rate by Alternating Magnetic Fields with Frequencies Close to Heart

Abstract

Modulation of Zebrafish Heart Rate by Alternating Magnetic Fields with Frequencies Close to Heart Rhythm Krylov VV, Sizov DA, Machikhin AS, Guryleva AV, Tchougounov V, Burlakov AB. Modulation of Zebrafish Heart Rate by Alternating Magnetic Fields With Frequencies Close to Heart Rhythm. IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology. 2024. doi: 10.1109/JERM.2024.3397557. Abstract Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) up to 100 μT exhibit impacts on physiological processes, including heart function. The mechanisms underlying the influence of these fields on fish heart rates remain insufficiently explored. We assumed that the direct impact of ELF-MF with a frequency close to the heart rate could entrain oscillatory processes responsible for autonomously maintaining heart rhythm in zebrafish embryos. Embryos' heart rates ranged from 1.44 to 3 Hz depending on age, and ELF-MF with frequencies precisely matched, 10% higher, or lower than the heart rate were applied. Additionally, embryos experienced ELF-MF with amplitudes varying by an order of magnitude. Almost all tested ELF-MF induced an increased heart rate effect. This effect was the most pronounced when the exposure occurred earlier during ontogenesis. Fields with frequencies close to the heart rate did not entrain cardiac contractions in zebrafish embryos. A significant negative correlation between heart rate increase and ELF-MF frequency was observed for ELF-MF with amplitudes of 1.98– 3.2 μT and 46.8 μT but not 30 μT. Probable molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are discussed in terms of magnetic influence on radical pairs within biochemical oscillating processes. ieeexplore.ieee.org

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Zebrafish embryos were exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) with frequencies matched to, 10% higher than, or lower than embryo heart rate (1.44–3 Hz) and with amplitudes varying by an order of magnitude (including 1.98–3.2 μT, 30 μT, and 46.8 μT). Almost all tested ELF-MF increased heart rate, with a more pronounced effect when exposure occurred earlier in ontogenesis. Frequencies close to heart rate did not entrain cardiac contractions; a significant negative correlation between heart rate increase and ELF-MF frequency was reported for some amplitudes (1.98–3.2 μT and 46.8 μT) but not 30 μT.

Outcomes measured

• heart rate
• cardiac contraction entrainment

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in provided abstract/metadata
• Exposure duration not reported in provided abstract/metadata
• Details of experimental design (controls, blinding, randomization) not reported in provided abstract/metadata
• Exact set of tested field amplitudes/frequencies not fully enumerated in provided abstract/metadata

Suggested hubs

• animal-studies (0.9)
  Experimental ELF magnetic-field exposure study in zebrafish embryos assessing physiological outcomes (heart rate).

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": "alternating magnetic fields",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "zebrafish embryos",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "heart rate",
        "cardiac contraction entrainment"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Zebrafish embryos were exposed to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) with frequencies matched to, 10% higher than, or lower than embryo heart rate (1.44–3 Hz) and with amplitudes varying by an order of magnitude (including 1.98–3.2 μT, 30 μT, and 46.8 μT). Almost all tested ELF-MF increased heart rate, with a more pronounced effect when exposure occurred earlier in ontogenesis. Frequencies close to heart rate did not entrain cardiac contractions; a significant negative correlation between heart rate increase and ELF-MF frequency was reported for some amplitudes (1.98–3.2 μT and 46.8 μT) but not 30 μT.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in provided abstract/metadata",
        "Exposure duration not reported in provided abstract/metadata",
        "Details of experimental design (controls, blinding, randomization) not reported in provided abstract/metadata",
        "Exact set of tested field amplitudes/frequencies not fully enumerated in provided abstract/metadata"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "extremely low-frequency magnetic fields",
        "ELF-MF",
        "alternating magnetic fields",
        "zebrafish embryos",
        "heart rate",
        "ontogenesis",
        "μT",
        "entrainment",
        "radical pair"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "animal-studies",
            "weight": 0.90000000000000002220446049250313080847263336181640625,
            "reason": "Experimental ELF magnetic-field exposure study in zebrafish embryos assessing physiological outcomes (heart rate)."
        }
    ]
}

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