This animal study tested whether short-term 28 GHz (5G-band) millimeter-wave exposure modifies doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats and whether vitamin C mitigates effects. Co-exposure to 28 GHz EMR was reported to worsen several indices of DOX-related cardiac injury (including CAT reduction, increased BAX expression, and QT prolongation), while vitamin C provided partial attenuation. The authors emphasize that results are limited to a short-duration preclinical model and that human relevance remains preliminary.

RF Safe argues that the established term “electromagnetic hypersensitivity” (EHS) should not be replaced by the newer label “EMR Syndrome,” claiming the rebranding fragments research and weakens advocacy. The piece frames EHS as a continuity-based concept tied to reported symptoms in EMF-rich environments and emphasizes practical mitigation via engineering, architecture, and policy—especially to reduce children’s exposure. It uses “EMR Syndrome” narrowly to describe what it portrays as an ideological, anti-technology pattern that blocks solutions rather than a physiological condition.

RF Safe argues for a “toxicity-based” interpretation of EMF/EMR exposure, claiming there are plausible biological mechanisms by which EMFs could cause symptoms rather than merely correlate with them. It highlights proposed pathways involving voltage-gated ion channels, oxidative stress/ROS (including mitochondrial effects), and radical-pair/cryptochrome mechanisms. The piece advocates a precautionary approach that treats non-native EMR as an environmental toxicant and calls for exposure minimization and alternative technologies, while noting that quantitative risk at everyday exposure levels remains debated.

This animal study exposed adult male rats to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation for 2 hours/day for one month and assessed testicular outcomes. The abstract reports that EMR exposure induced oxidative stress, increased inflammatory markers, and caused histological testicular injury. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation was reported to mitigate these changes and restore several testicular proteins.

This animal study exposed male Sprague Dawley rats to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi for varying daily durations over eight weeks and assessed reproductive hormones and LHCGR expression. Serum LH and testosterone did not differ significantly from controls, but LHCGR mRNA increased with longer exposure and LHCGR protein showed decreases with shorter exposures with partial improvement at 24 hours/day. The findings suggest molecular alterations in testicular tissue despite stable systemic hormone levels.

This animal study examined Wi-Fi RF-EMR exposure in adult zebrafish (4 hours/day for 30 days) and assessed reproductive tissues and offspring outcomes. The abstract reports testicular and ovarian histopathological abnormalities in exposed adults. Offspring from exposed parents, maintained under EMF-free conditions, reportedly showed increased mortality, morphological abnormalities, and anxiety-like behavior, with malformations increasing with longer parental exposure.

This narrative review discusses proposed non-thermal mechanisms by which chronic, low-intensity RF-EMR from ubiquitous wireless sources may affect male reproductive health. It highlights oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired testosterone synthesis/steroidogenesis, and declines in sperm quality as reported outcomes. The authors argue that current SAR/thermal-based guidelines may not capture these endpoints and call for updated standards and precautionary measures.

This narrative review examines research on radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from mobile towers and its potential association with genetic damage and genetic polymorphism in humans, with an emphasis on India. The abstract states that RF-EMR exposure may affect genetic material and suggests a link between EMR exposure and genetic damage, with possible implications for cancer risk and cell death. It also highlights that genetic polymorphisms may modify susceptibility and calls for further research to clarify health impacts.

This animal experiment exposed adult male rats to 6 GHz RF-EMR (0.065 W/kg) for 4 hours/day over 42 days and compared them with sham controls. The exposed group showed higher comet assay genotoxicity metrics, though not statistically significant, and more prominent liver histopathological changes (e.g., portal inflammation and congestion). The authors conclude that 6 GHz exposure can cause histopathological and DNA-level changes in rat liver tissue under the studied conditions.

This animal study reports that prolonged RF-EMR exposure (2.45 GHz for 8 weeks) increased oxidative stress and ferroptosis in mouse testicular tissue and was associated with reduced sperm quality. Melatonin administration reportedly mitigated oxidative injury and inhibited ferroptosis. The abstract attributes the protective effect to Nrf2 pathway activation via MT1/MT2 receptors.

This animal study exposed male Wistar rats to 900 MHz RF-EMR from a mobile phone for 1 hour daily over four weeks and assessed behavior and tissue changes. The authors report altered contextual fear conditioning-related behavior in exposed rats. Histological assessments indicated apoptosis and enlarged perivascular space in the hippocampal CA3 region and apoptotic/inflammatory-like changes in the adrenal zona fasciculata, with no reported differences in adrenal medulla cytoarchitecture.

This animal study reports that dual-frequency RF EMR exposure (0.8/2.65 GHz, 4 W/kg) induced anxiety-like behavior in mice. It also reports reduced CB1R and endocannabinoid levels in the mPFC and altered endocannabinoid system markers in the BLA. CB1R overexpression or knockdown in the mPFC reportedly decreased or increased anxiety-like behavior, respectively, suggesting a mechanistic link in this model.

Moon et al. (2024) report a systematic review and meta-analysis on cellular phone RF-EMR and brain tumor risk. The abstract summary states elevated risks for three brain tumor types in analyses considering ipsilateral (same-side) phone use and reports increased risk with heavy and long-term use. The text also highlights disagreement with the 2024 WHO review and raises methodological concerns about WHO conclusions.