Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) induced alterations in gene expression and cytokine secretion in clear cell renal carcinoma cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This in vitro study exposed three ccRCC cell lines and a healthy kidney cell line (HEK293) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 4.5 mT for 30 minutes daily over 5 days. The authors report exposure-associated changes in expression of several genes (names not fully visible in the abstract), with differences between primary…
Electromagnetic Field Stimulation Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This review discusses repeated electromagnetic field stimulation (REMFS) as a potential non-invasive therapy for Alzheimer's disease. The abstract describes reported benefits in AD mice, including reduced beta-amyloid, prevention of neuronal death, halted disease progression, and improved memory without edema or…
Integrated influence of sulfide modification on the reactivity of nanoscale zero-valent iron towards decabromodiphenyl ether under an electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This laboratory/engineering study examined how sulfide modification of nanoscale zero-valent iron interacts with an electromagnetic field to degrade decabromodiphenyl ether. The combined sulfidation+EMF condition reportedly increased the specific reaction rate constant by 7–10× versus nZVI alone. The abstract…
Exposure to the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces changes in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial slices from days 15–16 of pregnancy to a 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field for 2 hours. The authors report changes in several epigenetic-related markers, including DNA methylation machinery, histone-related measures (HDAC activity), global DNA…
CaATPase enzyme activities and lipid and protein oxidations of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) stored at 4 °C for 30 min under electromagnetic fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This study evaluated 12 mT electromagnetic fields (100–400 Hz) applied during 30 minutes of cold storage (4 °C) of grass carp. EMF exposure was associated with increased CaATPase activity and frequency-dependent changes in protein and lipid oxidation. NMR results suggested altered water–protein interactions, and the…
Alternating current electromagnetic field exposure lessens intramyocellular lipid accumulation due to high-fat feeding via enhanced lipid metabolism in mice.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This mouse study tested whether alternating current electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure modifies muscle lipid accumulation during long-term high-fat feeding. Mice exposed to EMF (8 hours/day for 16 weeks; maximum 180 mT) while on a high-fat diet had lower intramyocellular lipid levels than high-fat diet controls.…
Comment on Redmayne, M.; Maisch, D.R. ICNIRP Guidelines' Exposure Assessment Method for 5G Millimetre Wave Radiation May Trigger Adverse Effects. 2023, , 5267.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This commentary critiques a prior paper claiming that Brillouin precursors from 5G NR and other cellular systems could cause tissue damage deeper than the carrier-frequency penetration depth. It states that the original Brillouin precursor theory was based on nanosecond ultrawide-band RF pulses in water and that this…
Phagocytosis of latex beads by a human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cell line and effects of low-frequency electromagnetic field interaction.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study tested whether a low-frequency EMF (7 Hz, 30 mT) alters phagocytosis-related outcomes in the human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cell line. EMF exposure was associated with increased necrosis in cells pre-stimulated with SEB and then undergoing latex bead phagocytosis, while no significant cell-death…
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure alters DNA methylation levels in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial slices from the peri-implantation period (days 15–16 of pregnancy) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 2 hours and assessed promoter DNA methylation in selected genes. The authors report increased methylation for EGR2, ID2, and PTGER4, decreased methylation for IL1RAP and NOS3, and no…
Transcriptome profiling of flax plants exposed to a low-frequency alternating electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This study aims to perform transcriptome profiling in flax plants exposed to a low-frequency alternating electromagnetic field. The abstract frames prior work as suggesting EMF-related changes in free radical homeostasis and altered expression of genes involved in stress responses, ion transport, and cell wall…
The effect of the electromagnetic field on the physicochemical properties of isolated corn starch obtained of plants from irradiate seeds.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2023
This study examined whether exposing maize seeds to electromagnetic fields (23, 70, 118 μT) for 15 days alters physicochemical properties of starch isolated from the resulting grains. SEM and X-ray diffraction results suggest starch morphology and orthorhombic crystalline structure were largely unchanged, though…
Consciousness and inward electromagnetic field interactions.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This review discusses longstanding EMF theories of mind/brain integration as a potential explanation for unified conscious experience and aspects of the "hard problem" of consciousness. It notes that EMFs are measurable and that correlates have been reported with changes in consciousness, sensory perception, and…
Enhancement of Fungal Enzyme Production by Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study examined whether a 2 GHz RF-EMF exposure could enhance enzyme production in a filamentous fungus. A 10-minute exposure was reported to increase extracellular total protein and α-amylase activity in culture media versus controls, alongside increased α-amylase mRNA and changes consistent with…
Thermomagnetic Resonance Effect of the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Three-Dimensional Cancer Models.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study tested an ELF-EMF at a calculated thermal resonant frequency in 2D and 3D culture models of human pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and breast cancer. The authors report reduced cell growth and a metabolic shift, including potentiation of coupled and uncoupled respiration and altered transcription…
Protein expression changes during phagocytosis influenced by low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study examined whether a low-frequency EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz for 3 h) alters phagocytosis of latex beads and immune-related protein/gene expression in the human Mono Mac 6 macrophage cell line. The authors report that EMF exposure influenced phagocytosis-associated molecular markers, with notable changes in…
Cardiac Cell Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Focus on Oxdative Stress and Apoptosis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This study assessed whether 915 MHz RF-EMF exposure alters oxidative stress and apoptosis markers in cardiac cells and mouse heart tissue. The authors report no statistically significant differences in apoptotic profile, antioxidant capacity, tissue integrity, or expression of apoptosis/antioxidant genes after…
Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the IteraCoil Device Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Progenitor Cells Into the Osteogenic Lineage.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study exposed human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem progenitor cells to an alternating EMF generated by the IteraCoil device at 0.05 and 1 kHz. The authors report that EMF exposure was associated with osteoblastic differentiation in the absence of exogenous pro-osteogenic supplements, assessed by…
The Potential of Cold Plasma and Electromagnetic Field as Stimulators of Natural Sweeteners Biosynthesis in Bertoni.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This plant study evaluated whether short pre-sowing treatments with cold plasma or an electromagnetic field alter sweetener-related metabolites in stevia leaves. The authors report modest improvements in germination and a strong stimulation of steviol glycoside accumulation, with a larger increase in stevioside than…
Anticancer and antibacterial potentials induced post short-term exposure to electromagnetic field and silver nanoparticles and related pathological and genetic alterations: in vitro study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study evaluated short-term extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), alone and combined, for antibacterial effects and apoptosis induction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The authors report time-dependent reductions in bacterial viable counts, with…
Translocation of silica nanospheres through giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) induced by a high frequency electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study used giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) to examine effects of an 18 GHz electromagnetic field on membrane behavior. The authors report increased membrane permeability after exposure, inferred from internalisation of 23.5 nm hydrophilic silica nanospheres. Complementary molecular dynamics…
Artificial Neural Network-Based Uplink Power Prediction From Multi-Floor Indoor Measurement Campaigns in 4G Networks.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper describes multi-floor indoor LTE measurement campaigns aimed at enabling assessment and monitoring of RF-EMF exposure, with emphasis on uplink exposure via mobile phone transmit power. Because uplink transmit power is not directly available from off-the-shelf devices, the authors propose an artificial…
EVALUATION OF BCL2 AND ITS REGULATORY MIRS, MIR-15-B AND MIR-16 EXPRESSION CHANGES UNDER THE EXPOSURE OF EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER CELL LINE.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) at 0.2 or 2 mT (continuous or 1.5 h on/1.5 h off) for 18 hours alter viability and gene/miRNA expression in AGS gastric cancer cells. The authors report a significant reduction in cell viability at 2 mT continuous exposure.…
The Time-Dependence of Three Different Modes of ELF-EMF Stimulation on LTP at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal ex vivo study tested whether short-term 15 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMF exposure alters LTP at rat hippocampal SC-CA1 synapses. Across sinusoidal, pulsed, and rhythm-pulsed modes, the authors report reduced LTP versus control, with greater inhibition at longer exposure durations (10–60 s). Sinusoidal stimulation…
Exposure to long-term evolution radiofrequency electromagnetic fields decreases neuroblastoma cell proliferation via Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined LTE RF-EMF exposure effects on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The authors report reduced cell proliferation and a G0/G1 cell-cycle delay after 1760 MHz exposure at 4 W/kg for 4 hr/day over 4 days. They report no marked DNA damage signal (γH2AX) and no apoptosis activation, but increased…
Exposure to RF-EMF Alters Postsynaptic Structure and Hinders Neurite Outgrowth in Developing Hippocampal Neurons of Early Postnatal Mice.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal and primary neuron culture study exposed early postnatal mice to whole-body RF-EMF (SAR 4.0 W/kg) for 5 hours/day from P1 to P28. The authors report reductions in dendritic spine measures (notably mushroom-type spines), decreased glutamate receptor expression in mushroom-type spines, and lower BDNF…