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Showing results for: ERP

Histomorphometry and Sperm Quality in Male Rats Exposed to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This animal study exposed adult male rats to 2.45 GHz Wi‑Fi from an active router for 4 or 24 hours daily over eight weeks and assessed reproductive organ histology and sperm parameters. The authors report histological changes in testes and epididymis, multifocal atypical hyperplasia in seminal vesicles, reduced…

Microglial Response to Inflammatory Stimuli Under Electromagnetic Field Exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This in vitro study examined whether extremely low frequency EMF exposure alters responses of TNF-α-stimulated human microglial cells (HMC3). Cells exposed to 2.5 or 5 Hz EMF for 3 minutes showed increased survival under high TNF-α conditions and reduced migration compared with TNF-α treatment alone. EMF also…

Can Theta Burst Electromagnetic Fields Disrupt Learning in Planaria? Evidence of Impaired Fear-Conditioned Responses.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This animal study tested whether low-intensity theta burst patterned electromagnetic fields (TBEMF; 1 μT; bursts at 100 Hz) affect fear-related learning in planaria using a T-maze with aversive light. The light-only group showed behavioral changes consistent with learning to avoid the aversive arm, while TBEMF…

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) enhances mitochondrial energy production in NARP cybrids.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This in vitro study examined ELF-EMF effects in normal cybrids and NARP cybrids carrying a pathogenic MT-ATP6 mtDNA mutation mixture. ELF-EMF did not alter mtDNA copy number or the wild-type-to-mutant mtDNA ratio, but it increased mtDNA transcription and multiple markers of mitochondrial function in NARP cybrids,…

Progress to Date on Cranial Electromagnetic Field Stimulation to Modulate Brain Activity.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This prospective study enrolled 10 adults with atraumatic or traumatic brain injury who received tailored cranial EMF stimulation using a portable helmet with real-time EMF measurement and parameter adjustment. The abstract reports symptom resolution or remaining asymptomatic in 8 participants at varying stimulation…

Experimental Study of Animal Behavior under the Influence of the Electromagnetic Field of the 5G Mobile Communication Standard

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This pilot animal study exposed mature male Wistar rats to 4.9 GHz electromagnetic fields described as 5G-standard, for 15 days (2 hours/day) in a semi-anechoic shielded chamber. Open-field testing found no clear behavioral differences between unmodulated and modulated exposures. Statistically significant behavioral…

Mitigating Heat-Induced Sperm Damage and Testicular Tissue Abnormalities: The Protective Role of Radiofrequency Radiation from Wi-Fi Routers in Rodent Models

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This rodent study examined whether 2.45 GHz Wi‑Fi router RF-EMF exposure could mitigate heat-stress-related reproductive damage in male rats. The combined RF-EMF + heat group reportedly had improved testicular structure measures and sperm quality versus heat-only, while RF-EMF alone was also reported to alter testis…

The Systematic Review on RF-EMF Exposure and Cancer by Karipidis et al. (2024) has Serious Flaws that Undermine the Validity of the Study's Conclusions

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This letter critiques the WHO-sponsored systematic review by Karipidis et al. (2024) on RF-EMF exposure and cancer risk. The authors argue the review has serious methodological and interpretative flaws, including issues with study selection and data analysis. They contend that the review’s conclusion of "no clear…

Electromagnetic field (50 Hz) enhance metabolic potential and induce adaptive/reprogramming response mediated by the increase of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This in vitro study exposed adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field (1.5 mT) for 24 and 48 hours and assessed cellular responses. After 24 hours, the authors report increased N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation, increased expression of multiple stem cell markers, and changes in p21 and…

Transcriptional response of primary hippocampal neurons following exposure to 3.0 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This in vitro study exposed rat primary hippocampal neurons to 3.0 GHz continuous-wave RF-EMF under low-SAR (minimal heating) and high-SAR (thermal) conditions and measured transcriptional responses by RNA sequencing. Twenty genes were significantly upregulated only in the high-SAR condition associated with a ~3.6°C…

Investigating the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on molecular pathways related to insulin resistance and adipogenesis in zebrafish embryos - A pilot study without quantitative exposure metrics.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This pilot animal study exposed zebrafish embryos to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 30 or 60 minutes per day until 96 hours post-fertilization and assessed gene expression and physiological endpoints. The authors report reduced expression of lepa, ins, and pparg, changes in oxidative stress markers consistent with increased…

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) induced alterations in gene expression and cytokine secretion in clear cell renal carcinoma cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This in vitro study exposed three ccRCC cell lines and a healthy kidney cell line (HEK293) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 4.5 mT for 30 minutes daily over 5 days. The authors report exposure-associated changes in expression of several genes (names not fully visible in the abstract), with differences between primary…

Transcriptomic Analysis of Gene Expression and Effect of Electromagnetic Field in Brain Tissue after Traumatic Brain Injury.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This pilot animal study used a Yucatan miniswine model of traumatic brain injury with and without EMF stimulation to examine differential gene expression in injured versus non-injured cortex tissue. The authors report multiple differentially expressed genes linked to immune infiltration, myelination, oxidative stress…

Consciousness and inward electromagnetic field interactions.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This review discusses longstanding EMF theories of mind/brain integration as a potential explanation for unified conscious experience and aspects of the "hard problem" of consciousness. It notes that EMFs are measurable and that correlates have been reported with changes in consciousness, sensory perception, and…

Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of Physical Therapy with the Use of the Electromagnetic Field Combined with Light Radiation Emitted by LEDs in the Treatment of Inflammation of the Paranasal Sinuses-A Case Study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This case study used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess a physical therapy approach combining extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure with LED light for paranasal sinusitis. In one 39-year-old female patient, CBCT findings reportedly showed near-complete restoration of sinus…

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase Cytokines in Human Hair Follicles through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro/ex vivo study examined extremely low-frequency EMF exposure in human hair bulb spheroids and hair follicle organ cultures. The authors report no toxicity and increased expression of anagen-related markers and multiple cytokines/growth factors at 5–20 G, with 10 G for 60 minutes associated with increased…

Treatment with Pulsed Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field (PELF-EMF) Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effect in Compression Spinal Cord Injury Model.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study tested a pulsed extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (PELF-EMF) SEQEX device in a mouse compression spinal cord injury model. Mice received 4 hours of daily exposure for two months starting 2 hours after injury. The study reports reduced inflammatory and astrocyte activation markers,…

The Short-Term Effect of Occupational Levels of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Human Heart Rate Variability.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This double-blind randomized sham-controlled repeated-measures study examined short-term 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (28 μT) to the chest and its effects on HR and HRV in 34 healthy young men. HR deceleration occurred in both EMF and sham conditions, but several HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF) increased only in the EMF…

Activation of matrix metalloproteinases and FoxO3a in HaCaT keratinocytes by radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study exposed HaCaT human keratinocytes to 1760 MHz RF-EMF (SAR 4.0 W/kg; 2 h/day for 4 days). The authors report increased intracellular ROS and increased expression/activity of several matrix metalloproteinases, along with increased phosphorylation of FoxO3a and ERK1/2. Cell growth/viability and…

Is the Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the Nordic Countries Caused by Use of Mobile Phones?

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This ecological analysis reports increasing thyroid cancer incidence over time in Sweden (1970–2017) and similarly across Nordic countries using NORDCAN data (1970–2016), with sharper increases in more recent years. The authors report similar increases for smaller (≤4 cm) and larger (>4 cm) tumors and interpret this…

Electromagnetic Field in Alzheimer's Disease: A Literature Review of Recent Preclinical and Clinical Studies.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This literature review summarizes recent preclinical and clinical research on electromagnetic fields (EMF) in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). It describes AD pathology involving amyloid-beta accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation and notes limitations of current symptomatic treatments. The authors report…

Short ELF-EMF Exposure Targets SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in THP-1 Cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This in vitro study examined 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-EMF exposure in LPS-treated THP-1 cells for 1–24 hours. The authors report increased HO-1 expression and Nrf2-related signaling, with nuclear enrichment of HO-1 and modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB pathways. They interpret these molecular changes as suggesting a protective,…

Enhancement in the ATP level and antioxidant capacity of under continuous exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field for multiple generations.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This multi-generation animal study exposed worms continuously to 50 Hz, 3 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and assessed outcomes in the 15th generation. The study reports increased body length, higher ATP content and ATP synthase activity, and upregulated ATP-related gene expression in exposed worms.…

Assessment of function, histopathological changes, and oxidative stress in liver tissue due to ionizing and non-ionizing radiations.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This animal study evaluated liver function, histopathology, and oxidative stress markers after exposure to RF-EMF (900/1800 MHz and 2.4 GHz), x-rays (10 cGy or 8 Gy), and combinations including RF-EMF pre-exposure. Some liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) showed some association with irradiation, while…

Fabrication and physicochemical characterization of a novel magnetic nanocomposite scaffold: Electromagnetic field effect on biological properties.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This in vitro study fabricated PCL nanofibrous scaffolds containing cobalt-zinc ferrite nanoparticles and evaluated physicochemical/mechanical properties and cell-related outcomes. The abstract reports improved hydrophilicity, biodegradation, and stress at break with CZF-NP incorporation, and improved L929 cell…

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