Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the IteraCoil Device Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Progenitor Cells Into the Osteogenic Lineage.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study exposed human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem progenitor cells to an alternating EMF generated by the IteraCoil device at 0.05 and 1 kHz. The authors report that EMF exposure was associated with osteoblastic differentiation in the absence of exogenous pro-osteogenic supplements, assessed by…
Changes in Free Radical Processes under the Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vivo animal study examined how low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure affects antioxidant status in Wistar rats. The authors report frequency-dependent changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and hydroperoxide content in blood plasma. They also propose that LF EMF may stimulate low levels of ROS that…
Novel Method of Electromagnetic Field Measurements of the Human Brain.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This study describes a lightweight, inexpensive construct using non-contact EMF sensors to measure dynamic electromagnetic fields attributed to the human brain. Measurements in non-clinical volunteers reportedly differed from background recordings and changed during task performance and auditory stimulation. The…
The Potential of Cold Plasma and Electromagnetic Field as Stimulators of Natural Sweeteners Biosynthesis in Bertoni.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This plant study evaluated whether short pre-sowing treatments with cold plasma or an electromagnetic field alter sweetener-related metabolites in stevia leaves. The authors report modest improvements in germination and a strong stimulation of steviol glycoside accumulation, with a larger increase in stevioside than…
Physiological changes and symptoms associated with short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields: a randomized crossover provocation study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This randomized blinded crossover provocation study compared short-term RF-EMF exposure mimicking mobile phone base stations versus sham in people with IEI-EMF and controls. Symptom reporting and physiological measures (blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability) were similar between provocation and sham…
Evaluation of Cell Migration and Cytokines Expression Changes under the Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing In Vitro Model.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study evaluated whether radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure could influence wound-healing-related processes. The authors report increased keratinocyte migration and changes in expression of wound-healing genes, including MMPs, TIMPs, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines. The abstract…
Treatment with Pulsed Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field (PELF-EMF) Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effect in Compression Spinal Cord Injury Model.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This animal study tested a pulsed extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (PELF-EMF) SEQEX device in a mouse compression spinal cord injury model. Mice received 4 hours of daily exposure for two months starting 2 hours after injury. The study reports reduced inflammatory and astrocyte activation markers,…
Physiotherapeutic Reduction of Orofacial Pain Using Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Light-Emitting Diode Therapy-A Pilot Study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This randomized pilot study evaluated whether adding combined extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) and LED physiotherapy to standard analgesics reduces postoperative orofacial pain after orthognathic surgery. The physiotherapy group reportedly experienced faster pain reduction than controls. The…
Regulation of skeletal myogenesis in C2C12 cells through modulation of Pax7, MyoD, and myogenin via different low-frequency electromagnetic field energies.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study examined how low-frequency electromagnetic fields (LF-EMF) at different magnetic flux densities influence skeletal myogenesis in C2C12 cells. The authors report that 2.0 mT LF-EMF activated cells and increased PAX7, while 1.5 mT increased MyoD and myogenin expression. They conclude that different…
Anticancer and antibacterial potentials induced post short-term exposure to electromagnetic field and silver nanoparticles and related pathological and genetic alterations: in vitro study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study evaluated short-term extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), alone and combined, for antibacterial effects and apoptosis induction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The authors report time-dependent reductions in bacterial viable counts, with…
Cancer on-target: Selective enhancement of 3-bromopyruvate action by an electromagnetic field in vitro.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study tested continuous or pulsed ELF electromagnetic field exposure in human cancer cells treated with the anticancer agent 3-bromopyruvate (3BP). The authors report that ELF-EMF enhanced 3BP anti-cancer activity, which they link to reduced TNFα secretion, p21/p27-associated G2/M arrest, and cancer…
Magnetic characterization of Mumetal® for passive shielding of stray fields down to the nano-Tesla level
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Feb 1, 2021
This engineering study addresses stray magnetic fields as a performance-limiting imperfection for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), where simulations indicate sensitivity to fields on the order of 0.1 nT. It presents DC and AC magnetic characterization of two Mumetal® samples (annealed in final form vs…
Morphological and cytophysiological changes in selected lines of normal and cancer human cells under the influence of a radio-frequency electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells to 2.5 GHz RF-EMF for 24, 48, and 72 hours and assessed viability and morphology. The authors report decreased viability in fibroblasts and increased viability in prostate cancer cells after exposure, while morphology showed no significant…
Prioritizing health outcomes when assessing the effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: A survey among experts.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper reports a survey designed to prioritize which RF EMF-related health outcomes should be addressed in systematic reviews. Of 300 experts queried, 164 responded and rated cancer, heat-related effects, adverse birth/pregnancy outcomes, electromagnetic hypersensitivity, cognitive impairment, and oxidative…
The effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on biological pathways induced by electrochemotherapy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This study examined whether 900 MHz RF-EMF exposure modifies biological pathways associated with electrochemotherapy (ECT) in 4T1 cells and in mice bearing 4T1 tumors. At the highest reported power density (349 µW/cm), RF exposure was reported to increase ECT-induced tumor hypoxia and increase IFN-γ compared with ECT…
Health disturbances and exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile-phone base stations in French urban areas.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This cross-sectional survey in five French cities assessed whether measured RF-EMF exposure from mobile-phone base stations was associated with self-reported non-specific and insomnia-like symptoms among residents living within 250 m of a base station. Overall, measured base-station exposure was not associated with…
The Short-Term Effect of Occupational Levels of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Human Heart Rate Variability.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This double-blind randomized sham-controlled repeated-measures study examined short-term 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (28 μT) to the chest and its effects on HR and HRV in 34 healthy young men. HR deceleration occurred in both EMF and sham conditions, but several HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF) increased only in the EMF…
Conformational changes of β-thalassemia major hemoglobin and oxidative status of plasma after in vitro exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: An artificial neural network analysis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed blood samples from β-thalassemia major patients and matched healthy donors (n=12 each) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 0.5 and 1 mT for 1–2 hours. The authors report that two-hour exposure induced significant oxidative changes in β-thalassemia major samples and examined protein/Hb structural features…
Pulsed and Discontinuous Electromagnetic Field Exposure Decreases Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma by Modulating the Expression of O-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, Cyclin-D1, and p53.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study evaluated 50 Hz, 70 G electromagnetic field exposure in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in T98 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines. The authors report that EMF plus TMZ increased cell death and reduced migration potential compared with controls. They also report increased p53 gene expression and…
Comparing the Effects of Long-term Exposure to Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields With Different Values on Learning, Memory, Anxiety, and β-amyloid Deposition in Adult Rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal study exposed adult male rats to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1, 100, 500, or 2000 μT for 1 hour/day over two months and assessed behavior and brain markers. The authors report increased memory retention (higher step-through latency) alongside increased anxiety-like behavior (reduced open-arm entries), particularly…
Translocation of silica nanospheres through giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) induced by a high frequency electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study used giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) to examine effects of an 18 GHz electromagnetic field on membrane behavior. The authors report increased membrane permeability after exposure, inferred from internalisation of 23.5 nm hydrophilic silica nanospheres. Complementary molecular dynamics…
First Identification of the Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Micromolecular Changes in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to a continuous 50 Hz electromagnetic field at 1.5 mT for 24, 48, or 72 hours and assessed micromolecular changes using FTIR spectroscopy. The authors report the largest FTIR spectral differences versus control in nucleic acids and proteins…
Improved Calculation Method of Coupling Factors for Low-Frequency Wireless Power Transfer Systems.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This engineering/methods study addresses computational artifacts that can affect coupling factor calculations for localized EMF exposure assessment in IEC 62311/62233, particularly below 10 MHz. The authors propose using the 99.99th percentile rather than the maximum internal quantity to mitigate abnormal peaks from…
Towards Environmental RF-EMF Assessment of mmWave High-Node Density Complex Heterogeneous Environments.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper presents an RF-EMF exposure assessment combining measurements and deterministic 3D ray-launching simulations in a large indoor public library with high node density. It considers mmWave 5G FR2 at 28 GHz and Wi-Fi 802.11ay at 60 GHz under realistic operation conditions with varying user distributions. The…
Artificial Neural Network-Based Uplink Power Prediction From Multi-Floor Indoor Measurement Campaigns in 4G Networks.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper describes multi-floor indoor LTE measurement campaigns aimed at enabling assessment and monitoring of RF-EMF exposure, with emphasis on uplink exposure via mobile phone transmit power. Because uplink transmit power is not directly available from off-the-shelf devices, the authors propose an artificial…