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Effect of Electromagnetic Waves from Mobile Phones on Spermatogenesis in the Era of 4G-LTE.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal experiment assessed whether long-duration 4G-LTE mobile phone electromagnetic field exposure affects spermatogenesis in male rats. After 1 month, the highest exposure condition (3 cm distance, 18 h/day) had reduced spermatid, spermatogonia, total germ cell, and Leydig cell counts compared with sham and…

Modeled and perceived RF-EMF, noise and air pollution and symptoms in a population cohort. Is perception key in predicting symptoms?

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This cohort study compared modeled residential RF-EMF, noise, and air pollution exposures with participants’ perceived exposure levels and self-reported symptoms. Correlations between modeled and perceived exposure were moderate for air pollution and noise but low for RF-EMF. Perceived exposure was consistently…

The effect of exposure to low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) as an integral part of the housing system on anxiety-related behaviour, cognition and welfare in two strains of laboratory mouse.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study tested whether continuous low-frequency EMF exposure from a cage-integrated EMF plate affected anxiety-related behaviour, cognition, or welfare over six weeks in two mouse strains. Across all measured outcomes, the authors report no significant differences between EMF on versus off conditions.…

Electromagnetic field exposure (50 Hz) impairs response to noxious heat in American cockroach.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study examined whether 50 Hz electromagnetic field exposure (7 mT) affects heat-escape behavior and oxidative balance in American cockroaches. The authors report increased latency to escape from noxious heat after 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days of exposure. Biomarkers suggested oxidative stress, with elevated…

Selenium supplementation ameliorates electromagnetic field-induced oxidative stress in the HEK293 cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study examined whether selenium supplementation modifies oxidative stress and apoptosis markers in HEK293 cells exposed to 2.4 GHz EMF. The authors report that EMF exposure increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and apoptosis-related markers while decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities and bcl-2 versus…

Does precautionary information about electromagnetic fields trigger nocebo responses? An experimental risk communication study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This experimental study tested whether providing precautionary information about EMF from WLAN devices increases symptom reporting during an alleged exposure situation. In a sham-exposure design (N=137), participants received either basic information about current WLAN exposure limits or additional precautionary…

Expressions of some antioxidant genes in SH-SY5Y cells treated with β-lapachone, morphine and electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study exposed SH-SY5Y cells to a 50 Hz, 0.50 mT electromagnetic field under intermittent or continuous conditions, alongside β-lapachone and/or morphine. The authors report condition-dependent changes in antioxidant gene expression, including decreased NQO1 and increased NQO2 under intermittent EMF…

Effects of Fifty-Hertz Electromagnetic Fields on Granulocytic Differentiation of ATRA-Treated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia NB4 Cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study examined whether 50 Hz, 2 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields affect ATRA-driven granulocytic differentiation in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. The authors report reduced proliferation and enhanced maturation/differentiation markers with ELF-EMF exposure. They also report…

Does acute radio-frequency electromagnetic field exposure affect visual event-related potentials in healthy adults?

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced study tested whether acute GSM-like 920 MHz RF-EMF exposure affects visual event-related potentials in 36 healthy adults. Compared with sham, exposure was associated with reduced P1 amplitude and increased anterior N1 latency, with no effects on other ERP measures. The…

Comparison of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels in different everyday microenvironments in an international context.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This exposure assessment quantified RF-EMF levels using portable, high-sampling-rate devices across 94 outdoor microenvironments and 18 public transport vehicles in six countries. Mean outdoor exposure ranged from 0.23 to 1.85 V/m, and public transport exposure ranged from 0.32 to 0.86 V/m. Exposure varied…

Extremely low frequency variable electromagnetic fields affect cancer and noncancerous cells in vitro differently: Preliminary study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study exposed cancer (U87-MG; 143B) and noncancerous (BJ; HEK) cells to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields under varying frequencies (2–60 Hz), waveforms, and exposure durations, with sham controls. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. The authors report that cancer and…

Case-Control Study on Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and the Association with Meningioma.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This case-control analysis assessed occupational extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure and meningioma using the INTEROCC ELF-EMF job-exposure matrix. Cumulative, average, and maximum job exposure metrics were evaluated. The study reports no increased meningioma risk in any exposure…

Gene Expression Analysis in Human Peripheral Blood Cells after 900 MHz RF-EMF Short-Term Exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This ex vivo/in vitro study exposed peripheral blood cells from five human donors to a 900 MHz continuous-wave RF-EMF for up to 90 minutes (average SAR 9.3 W/kg). After false discovery rate adjustment, the authors report no EMF-specific gene expression changes on microarray analysis. Although low-stringency analysis…

Effect of a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emitted during embryogenesis on chick development and hatchability.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study examined 1800 MHz EMF exposure during chick embryogenesis and assessed development, malformations, organ measures, and stress-related biomarkers. The authors report earlier pipping and hatching without an increase in malformations or changes in chick quantity/quality. They also report decreased…

Electromagnetic Field Could Protect SH-SY5Y Cells Against Cisplatin Cytotoxicity, But Not MCF-7 Cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study exposed MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells to a 50 Hz, 0.50 mT electromagnetic field in combination with cisplatin and/or morphine. The combined "CDDP+Mor+EMF" condition showed higher cisplatin IC values than cisplatin alone and "CDDP+Mor" in both cell lines, consistent with reduced cisplatin cytotoxicity.…

Influence of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on the Fertility System: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This article presents a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure from electronic devices and effects on the fertility system. The authors cite growing public concern and conflicting findings in prior studies as motivation. The protocol plans broad database…

Effects of 1800 MHz RF-EMF exposure on DNA damage and cellular functions in primary cultured neurogenic cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study exposed primary cultured astrocytes, microglia, and cortical neurons to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg SAR to assess DNA damage and cellular functions. The authors report no significant induction of γH2AX foci and no significant changes in cytokine secretion or dendrite/synapse morphological…

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields accelerates wound healing modulating MMP-9 and inflammatory cytokines.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study used a scratch wound model in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) to examine effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF). ELF-EMF exposure was reported to accelerate wound closure compared with sham and to increase inflammatory cytokine expression/release. The authors…

SAR thresholds for electromagnetic exposure using functional thermal dose limits.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This paper analyzes how conservative current localized RF EMF SAR basic restrictions may be by estimating the implied safety factor. The authors derive thermal dose–functional SAR limits from literature-reported thresholds for acute local tissue damage and compare these to existing basic restrictions. They report…

Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on turkeys.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study exposed turkeys to ELF electromagnetic fields (50 Hz, 10 μT) for 3 weeks and assessed norepinephrine-activated β-adrenoceptor function via cAMP measurements over time. The authors report a time-dependent decrease in β-adrenoceptor function in exposed birds, while serum toxicological parameters…

Effects of 1950 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on Aβ processing in human neuroblastoma and mouse hippocampal neuronal cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This in vitro study exposed HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells to 1950 MHz RF-EMF at SAR 6 W/kg for 2 hours per day over 3 days. RF-EMF exposure reduced mRNA levels of several Aβ-processing genes in HT22 cells, but did not change APP mRNA in SH-SY5Y cells. Protein levels of…

The effects of microwave radiation on rabbit's retina.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This experimental rabbit study evaluated retinal effects of GSM cell phone simulator microwave irradiation at different distances and durations. ERG outcomes 7 days after exposure showed no statistically significant differences between groups, although irradiated eyes showed non-significant trends toward greater…

Microwave radiation leading to shrinkage of dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons mediated by SNK-SPAR pathway.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study exposed Wistar rats to microwave radiation (30 mW/cm for 6 minutes, three times per week for six weeks) and assessed cognition, hippocampal dendritic spines, ultrastructure, and SNK-SPAR pathway molecules. The authors report impaired spatial learning and memory, dendritic spine loss/shrinkage, and…

Activation of TLR signalling regulates microwave radiation-mediated impairment of spermatogenesis in rat testis.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This rat study examined whether microwave radiation affects Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in testis. The authors report increased TLR2-5 expression and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) after microwave exposure. Key phosphorylated components of TLR signaling (including NF-κB p65) were also…

Autophagy mediates the degradation of synaptic vesicles: A potential mechanism of synaptic plasticity injury induced by microwave exposure in rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This animal study used an in vivo microwave exposure model (30 mW/cm) and reports reversible neuronal injuries in rats. The authors observed cognitive impairment and synaptic plasticity injury in hippocampal neurons following exposure. Autophagy was activated, and autophagosomes showed increased association with…

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