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A Swine Model of Neural Circuit Electromagnetic Fields: Effects of Immediate Electromagnetic Field Stimulation on Cortical Injury.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study used non-contact induction sensors and a shielded helmet to measure cortical EMF patterns in a Yucatan miniswine before and after traumatic brain injury induced by controlled cortical impact. The authors report that targeted low-frequency EMF stimulation initiated 20 minutes post-injury was…

Phagocytosis of latex beads by a human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cell line and effects of low-frequency electromagnetic field interaction.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested whether a low-frequency EMF (7 Hz, 30 mT) alters phagocytosis-related outcomes in the human monocytic Mono Mac 6 cell line. EMF exposure was associated with increased necrosis in cells pre-stimulated with SEB and then undergoing latex bead phagocytosis, while no significant cell-death…

EMAGINE-Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial for determining the efficacy of a frequency tuned electromagnetic field treatment in facilitating recovery within the subacute phase following ischemic stroke.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This paper presents the protocol for the EMAGINE multicenter, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial testing an extremely low-frequency, low-intensity, frequency-tuned electromagnetic field therapy (ENTF) after subacute ischemic stroke. Participants will start active or sham treatment 4–21 days post-stroke,…

Measuring and assessing the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on blood parameters and liver enzymes of personnel working in high voltage power stations in a petrochemical industry.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This cross-sectional study in a petrochemical industry compared 50 high-voltage power-station workers exposed to ELF-EMF with 50 controls. Electric and magnetic fields were measured at 200 points, and blood parameters and liver enzymes were extracted from medical records. The study reports no significant differences…

50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure Inhibited Spontaneous Movement of Zebrafish Larvae through ROS-Mediated syn2a Expression.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This zebrafish study exposed embryos to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 100–800 μT for 1 h or 24 h daily over 5 days. The authors report no changes in hatching, mortality, or malformation rates, but report reduced spontaneous movement at 200 μT along with brain histological abnormalities. They also report increased ROS and…

Intermittent Exposure to a 16 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Promotes Osteogenesis In Vitro through Activating Piezo 1-Induced Ca Influx in Osteoprogenitor Cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study compared continuous versus intermittent 16 Hz ELF-PEMF exposure strategies in osteoprogenitor (SCP-1) cells. Intermittent exposure (10 min every 8 h) was reported to enhance cell numbers and osteogenic function relative to continuous daily exposure (30 min every 24 h). The authors report increased…

Hazardous effects of high voltage electromagnetic field on albino rats and protective role of Rosmarinus officinalis.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study examined effects of a 50 Hz high-voltage electromagnetic field (5.4 kV/m) applied 2 or 4 hours per day for 25 days in albino rats. The authors report decreases in RBC, haemoglobin, and catalase activity, with increases in WBCs, liver enzymes, bilirubin, kidney-related markers, and malondialdehyde…

The Effect of Time-Dependence of 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study exposed 40 adult male rats to a 10 Hz (4 mT) extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field for 1 hour daily for either 7 or 30 days. The authors report improved spatial memory after prolonged (30-day) exposure, alongside increased hippocampal BDNF levels. They also note a significant body weight…

Effects of prolonged exposure to ELF-EMF on HERVs expression in human melanoma cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether 96-hour exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF affects expression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV-H, HERV-K, HERV-W) in SK-MEL-37 human melanoma cells. Cells were continuously exposed at 1.5 or 3 mT and HERV env mRNA levels were measured by qPCR. The authors report significant…

High-specificity protection against radiation-induced bone loss by a pulsed electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study reports a noninvasive pulsed-burst electromagnetic field (PEMF) approach intended to protect against radiotherapy-induced bone loss. A 15 Hz, 2 mT PEMF waveform is described as producing distinctive calcium oscillations in osteoblasts and inhibiting radiation-related bone loss while not affecting other…

Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study examined whether Schumann Resonance-range ELF electromagnetic fields (7.8, 14.3, 20.8 Hz) influence redox metabolism components in wheat and pea leaves after short (30 min) and long (18 days) exposures. The authors report that short-time exposure produced more pronounced biological effects than long-time…

Protein expression changes during phagocytosis influenced by low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether a low-frequency EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz for 3 h) alters phagocytosis of latex beads and immune-related protein/gene expression in the human Mono Mac 6 macrophage cell line. The authors report that EMF exposure influenced phagocytosis-associated molecular markers, with notable changes in…

Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the IteraCoil Device Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Progenitor Cells Into the Osteogenic Lineage.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study exposed human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem progenitor cells to an alternating EMF generated by the IteraCoil device at 0.05 and 1 kHz. The authors report that EMF exposure was associated with osteoblastic differentiation in the absence of exogenous pro-osteogenic supplements, assessed by…

The Short-Term Effect of Occupational Levels of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Human Heart Rate Variability.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This double-blind randomized sham-controlled repeated-measures study examined short-term 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (28 μT) to the chest and its effects on HR and HRV in 34 healthy young men. HR deceleration occurred in both EMF and sham conditions, but several HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF) increased only in the EMF…

Pulsed and Discontinuous Electromagnetic Field Exposure Decreases Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma by Modulating the Expression of O-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, Cyclin-D1, and p53.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study evaluated 50 Hz, 70 G electromagnetic field exposure in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in T98 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines. The authors report that EMF plus TMZ increased cell death and reduced migration potential compared with controls. They also report increased p53 gene expression and…

The Dynamic(s) of Adipose Stem Cell System, Their Survival, and Cessation under the Influence of Electromagnetic Fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study examined how extremely low frequency EMF affects adipose-derived stem cell proliferation, cell cycle, viability, and death using fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. Under continuous exposure at 76.6 Hz and 20 T (ICR-based parameters), the authors report a statistically significant increase…

The Time-Dependence of Three Different Modes of ELF-EMF Stimulation on LTP at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This animal ex vivo study tested whether short-term 15 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMF exposure alters LTP at rat hippocampal SC-CA1 synapses. Across sinusoidal, pulsed, and rhythm-pulsed modes, the authors report reduced LTP versus control, with greater inhibition at longer exposure durations (10–60 s). Sinusoidal stimulation…

Impact of low-level electromagnetic fields on the inducibility of atrial fibrillation in the electrophysiology laboratory.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This randomized sham-controlled study tested low-level electromagnetic field stimulation (3.2 × 10 G at 0.89 Hz) applied around the head in patients undergoing ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Eighteen patients completed the protocol, and LL-EMF was associated with shorter pacing-induced AF episodes after…

Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field parameters on the proliferation of human breast cancer.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study tested how varying ELF-EMF parameters (frequency, flux density, duration, and continuous vs switching exposure) affect breast cancer and normal breast epithelial cell lines. The authors report that an optimized switching exposure pattern (7.83 ± 0.3 Hz, 1 mT) reduced viability of MDA-MB-231 cells…

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields promote cognitive function and hippocampal neurogenesis of rats with cerebral ischemia.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This animal study evaluated whether ELF-EMF exposure affects recovery-related outcomes after cerebral ischemia in rats. Rats exposed to 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-EMF for 2 hours daily over 28 days showed better Morris water maze performance than untreated rats. The study also reports increased hippocampal neurogenesis markers…

Synergistic effect of electromagnetic fields and nanomagnetic particles on osteogenesis through calcium channels and p-ERK signaling.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro and animal study evaluated whether extremely low frequency EMF exposure (1 mT, 45 Hz, 8 h/day) combined with Fe-based nanomagnetic particles enhances osteogenesis. The authors report no detectable cytotoxicity and increased osteogenic markers/proteins with combined NMP + EMF exposure, alongside…

Electromagnetic field affects the voltage-dependent potassium channel Kv1.3.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This in vitro study tested whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) modulate the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 in Kv1.3-expressing CHO-K1 cells. Cells were exposed to a 20 Hz field at 268 µT or 902 µT while Kv1.3 currents were measured by whole-cell patch clamp. The authors report a…

Treating honey bees with an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field and pesticides: Impact on the rate of disappearance of azoxystrobin and λ-cyhalothrin and the structure of some functional groups of the probabilistic molecules.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This laboratory study examined whether 50 Hz (ELF) electromagnetic field exposure changes pesticide disappearance rates and molecular functional group signatures in honey bees. EMF altered the disappearance rates of azoxystrobin and λ-cyhalothrin within 6 hours, with different patterns depending on whether pesticides…

Antimicrobial activity of rosemary leaf extracts and efficacy of ethanol extract against testicular damage caused by 50-Hz electromagnetic field in albino rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This animal study exposed male albino rats to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field for 2 or 4 hours and assessed reproductive hormones, oxidative stress markers, and testicular histology after 30 days. The abstract reports that EMF exposure reduced serum FSH, testosterone, and LH and catalase activity, while increasing…

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This in vitro study exposed human dermal papilla cells to 70 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields at 5–100 G for four days. The abstract reports increased expression of several anagen-related molecules and increased proliferation, with 10 G described as the most potent condition. It also reports…

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