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Evaluation of Exposure Assessment Methods and Procedures for Induction Hobs (Stoves)

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This exposure-assessment study evaluated magnetic-field and contact-current exposures from modern induction hobs using IEC-based measurement procedures, 3D field scanning, and numerical dosimetry in anatomical models. It reports large between-hob variability in exposure and states that IEC 62233 may substantially…

Impact of magnetic fields from tablets, laptops, smartphones, and household/leisure magnets on cardiac implantable electronic devices

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This study tested magnetic fields from tablets, laptops, smartphones, and household/leisure magnets against 13 cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) models to assess magnet mode activation. It reports that these consumer devices can trigger magnet mode when in close proximity, with median activation distances…

RF-EMF exposure assessment with add-on uplink exposure sensor in different microenvironments in seven European countries

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2025

This exposure assessment study introduces a cost-efficient add-on sensor attached to a smartphone to quantify auto-induced uplink RF-EMF transmission across 100–6000 MHz in multiple microenvironments. Activity-based surveys were conducted in seven European countries under non-user, maximum downlink, and maximum…

Crosstalk between 6-methyladenine and 4-methylcytosine in exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This study examined prokaryotic DNA methylation (6mA and 4mC) and transcriptomes under different intensities of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure. It reports motif-specific 6mA at 5'-GTACAG-3' and ELF-EMF-intensity-associated changes in spatial relationships among other 6mA sites,…

A Swine Model of Neural Circuit Electromagnetic Fields: Effects of Immediate Electromagnetic Field Stimulation on Cortical Injury.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study used non-contact induction sensors and a shielded helmet to measure cortical EMF patterns in a Yucatan miniswine before and after traumatic brain injury induced by controlled cortical impact. The authors report that targeted low-frequency EMF stimulation initiated 20 minutes post-injury was…

A Swine Model of Changes in the Neuronal Electromagnetic Field After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This pilot swine study evaluated whether non-contact proprietary induction sensors in a Mu-metal/copper mesh helmet can measure endogenous neuronal EMF signals before and after controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury. The authors report that swine EMF recordings were distinguishable from room noise and…

Measuring the Electromagnetic Field of Human Subjects Using Induction Sensors and a Shielded Helmet Without the Need for a Shielded Room.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study evaluated whether a lightweight Mu-metal and copper mesh shielded helmet with EMF channels could reduce external electromagnetic interference enough to measure cortically generated EMF using non-contact induction sensors without a shielded room. In five volunteers performing motor, verbalization, and…

Measuring the Electromagnetic Field of the Human Brain at a Distance Using a Shielded Electromagnetic Field Channel.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study describes a non-contact, non-invasive method to measure electromagnetic activity attributed to the human brain using a lightweight helmet and a shielded EMF channel around a sensor. Volunteers performed metronome-synchronized tasks intended to elicit movement, thoughts of movement, and emotional thought.…

Measuring Electromagnetic Field Activity Generated by Neurons In Vivo by Humans With Thoughts of Repetitive Motor Activities and Emotional Thoughts.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study describes a helmet-based, non-contact method to continuously measure electromagnetic field activity associated with human brain neuronal activity during thought tasks. Volunteers performed motor movement, motor imagery, and emotional imagery while brain EMF was recorded. The authors report discernible…

Evaluating the Intrinsic Electromagnetic Field Generated by Neurons From Repetitive Motor Activities in Humans With a Non-contact Non-invasive Electromagnetic Helmet.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study reports a non-contact, non-invasive helmet system intended to measure intrinsic electromagnetic fields generated by the human brain during stereotyped motor tasks. Volunteers performed repetitive tapping, and the authors report discernible wave changes compared with rest and baseline measurements without a…

Novel Method of Electromagnetic Field Measurements of the Human Brain.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study describes a lightweight, inexpensive construct using non-contact EMF sensors to measure dynamic electromagnetic fields attributed to the human brain. Measurements in non-clinical volunteers reportedly differed from background recordings and changed during task performance and auditory stimulation. The…

A Novel In Vitro Device to Deliver Induced Electromagnetic Fields to Cell and Tissue Cultures.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This paper presents an in vitro, noncontact solenoid-coil device designed to deliver intermediate-frequency induced electromagnetic fields that generate electric fields in cell and tissue cultures. The system aims to improve field characterization and reduce conductive heating compared with electrode-based approaches…

Experimental research on the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) characteristics of cracked rock.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2018

This experimental study examined electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emitted by coal rock with prefabricated cracks during mechanical loading. The authors report that intact rock EMR increased with loading, whereas cracked rock EMR showed staged and fluctuating behavior that became more pronounced as crack angle…

The Role of Depression and Attachment Styles in Predicting Students' Addiction to Cell Phones.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2015

This descriptive correlational study examined whether depression and attachment styles predict cell phone addiction among university students in Iran. Using self-report measures in 100 students, regression analysis found depression and avoidant attachment style were the strongest predictors of cell phone…

Stereotactic excision of additional lesions detected with intraoperative ultrasound examination during radiofrequency dissecting sealar (habib®) assisted hepatic metastasectomy: report of 4 cases.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This chart review describes four cases where stereotactic marking and excision were used to remove nonpalpable colorectal liver metastases during hepatic metastasectomy, guided by intraoperative ultrasound. Intraoperative ultrasound identified an additional lesion in one patient, and all resections achieved negative…

Suppression of unimolecular decay of laser desorbed peptide and protein ions by entrainment in rarefied supersonic gas jets under weak electric fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This engineering-focused paper reports the design principle and performance of a MALDI ion source ("MALDI-2") combining rarefied supersonic gas jets with weak electric fields and injection into gas-filled RF multipoles. The abstract reports rapid collisional cooling (

Mitigation of biofouling using electromagnetic fields in tubular heat exchangers-condensers cooled by seawater.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This paper describes an engineering application of electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment to mitigate biofouling in seawater-cooled tubular heat exchanger-condensers. After allowing a biofilm to stabilize, EMF treatment was applied and was reported to precipitate dissolved ions and contribute to partial…

Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This 2013 case series describes four young women (ages 21–39) with multifocal invasive breast cancer who reportedly carried smartphones directly against their breasts in their brassieres for prolonged periods over several years. Tumors were reported to occur in areas immediately underlying phone contact, with imaging…

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by a cell phone cover.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2012

This case report describes allergic contact dermatitis attributed to a cell phone cover that was advertised as silicone only. Patch testing with the cover material confirmed the diagnosis, and additional patch testing showed reactions to multiple plastics/glues allergens. The authors suggest that as phone cover use…

Response identification in the extremely low frequency region of an electret condenser microphone.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2011

This engineering study describes an experimental setup using a small electret condenser microphone connected to a notebook/PC to detect extremely low frequency signals. Using a small air cell made from a drilled DVD plate with a speaker and microphone on opposite sides, the microphone captured signals in the 0.5–20…

Impact of a pulsed electric field on damage of plant tissues: effects of cell size and tissue electrical conductivity.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2011

This experimental and modeling study examined pulsed electric field (PEF) permeabilization in several fruit and vegetable tissues at 293 K using 1000 μs pulses and field strengths of 400 and 1000 V·cm(-1). While electroporation theory predicts greater damage in tissues with larger cells, the authors report this…

Ohmic heating of peaches in the wide range of frequencies (50 Hz to 1 MHz).

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2010

This engineering/food science study examined ohmic heating of peaches at 60 V/cm using bipolar pulses across frequencies from 50 Hz to 1 MHz. Heating time to a target temperature and multiple electrical properties were frequency-dependent, particularly for intact tissue. The authors report faster electro-thermal…

Ultrasonic propagation velocity in magnetic and magnetorheological fluids due to an external magnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2010

This engineering-focused study measured ultrasonic propagation velocity in hydrocarbon-based magnetic and magnetorheological fluids under an external magnetic field. The authors report that clustering structures formed in the fluids influence ultrasonic propagation velocity, with observed hysteresis and anisotropy.…

A new approach for explanation of specimen rupture under high electric field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2009

This engineering-focused study examines failure of needle-shaped specimens exposed to very high electric fields in field-ion microscopy. The authors report experiments indicating breakdown may be initiated by nanoparticles detached from a point anode. They propose a mechanism in which expanding cathode plasma…

Static magnetic field therapy: a critical review of treatment parameters.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2009

This critical review summarizes human research on static magnetic field (SMF) therapy delivered by permanent magnets attached to the skin and evaluates how well studies report SMF dosage and treatment parameters. Across 56 included studies, many did not report essential SMF characteristics (e.g., magnet dimensions,…

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