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6 postsAmbient RF-EMF exposure in surgical operating rooms from telecommunication antennas and Wi-Fi sources
This PubMed-listed study measured ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels during surgical operations in 15 hospital operating rooms in Albacete, Spain, focusing on contributions from telecommunication antennas and Wi‑Fi. Using an exposimeter logging every 5 seconds across 67 procedures (~120 hours), the authors report that observed ambient RF‑EMF levels were comparable to other European indoor microenvironment studies. They report exposures in all operating rooms remained below 0.4% of the ICNIRP (2020) reference level, with the highest recorded mean value on the 2.4 GHz Wi‑Fi band.
RF-EMF Exposure Assessment: Comparison of Measurements in Airports and Flights with and Without Wi-Fi Service
This exposure assessment used personal exposimeters to measure RF-EMF levels in the 2.4 GHz and 5.85 GHz Wi-Fi bands in airport terminals and during four international flights, including flights with and without onboard Wi-Fi service. Reported mean exposures varied by route but were described as substantially below an international reference level (10 W/m²). The authors conclude exposure is low while also recommending ongoing monitoring and precaution due to potential health concerns mentioned as emerging evidence.
Visualizing radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure through Voronoi-based maps
This exposure-assessment study proposes a Voronoi-diagram approach to visualize RF-EMF exposure across a city using personal exposimeter measurements of RMS electric field at seed points. Most mapped areas corresponded to about 1.9 V/m, with a maximum reported value of 11.4 V/m, all below the cited ICNIRP guideline level. The authors conclude the method is useful for communicating spatial variability, while also noting broader literature discussing potential health risks from EMF exposure.
Temporal change of outdoor RF-EMF levels in four European countries: a microenvironmental measurement study
This microenvironmental measurement study assessed temporal trends in outdoor RF-EMF exposure between 2016 and 2023 in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Spain using harmonized walking-route measurements with exposimeters. The authors report no significant change in mobile base station (downlink) exposure between 2016 and 2023 and no consistent trend across microenvironments or countries. Reported median downlink exposure values ranged from 0.11 mW/m² (Switzerland, 2023) to 0.62 mW/m² (Netherlands, 2018).
Comparison Between Broadband and Personal Exposimeter Measurements for EMF Exposure Map Development Using Evolutionary Programming
This exposure-assessment study compares RF-EMF exposure maps produced using a broadband meter versus a personal exposimeter and aims to correct personal exposimeter readings to match broadband-based maps. The authors report that LOS/NLOS-specific correction factors reduce discrepancies, particularly improving LOS measurements affected by body shielding. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize correction factors and support scalable urban exposure mapping, with the authors noting that additional validation in other environments is needed.
Temporal Change of Outdoor Rf-Emf Levels Four in European Countries: A Microenvironmental Measurement Study
This microenvironmental measurement study assessed temporal trends in outdoor RF-EMF exposure from 2016 to 2023 in four European countries using repeated walking-route measurements with exposimeters. The abstract reports that data did not suggest significant changes in mobile base station (downlink) exposure over time and that trends were not consistent across individual microenvironments. Reported median downlink exposure values varied by country and year but did not indicate an overall increase despite higher mobile data traffic.