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High magnetic field induced charge density waves and sign reversal of the Hall coefficient in graphite.

This condensed-matter study investigates highly oriented pyrolytic graphite under very strong magnetic fields at low temperature. It reports a magnetic-field-induced charge density wave transition and a subsequent sign reversal of the Hall coefficient from negative to positive. The reported angular dependence…

The influence of temperature and electric field history on the conductivity of the charge density wave system o-TaS3.

This laboratory study examined how temperature and prior electric-field exposure affect low-field conductivity in the charge density wave material o-TaS3. Conductivity differed between cooling and heating below the CDW transition, and applying increasing electric fields drove the system toward a stable,…

Surface-induced nonlinearities of liquid crystals driven by an electric field.

This experimental physics study examines how a static electric field affects the optical nonlinearity of methyl-red doped nematic liquid crystals. The authors report that low voltages below the Fredericks transition threshold can change the optical nonlinearity by orders of magnitude. They state that the data fit a…

Coil design considerations for deep-brain transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS).

This engineering-focused conference paper proposes figures of merit to evaluate deep-brain transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) coil designs, focusing on depth penetration, scalp stimulation, focality, and energy. It analyzes circular crown and C-core coils and reports reduced electric-field attenuation with…