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Effect of radiofrequency microtenotomy on degeneration of tendons: an experimental study on rabbits.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This experimental rabbit study evaluated radiofrequency microtenotomy (Rf-mt) in prostaglandin E1-induced Achilles tendon degeneration. Rf-mt increased vascularity based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. However, the authors report no significant difference in tendon healing compared with a sham-control…

Effects of ultraviolet irradiation, pulsed electric field, hot water and ethanol vapours treatment on functional properties of mung bean sprouts.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This study examined how pulsed electric field, hot water dip, ethanol vapours, and UV irradiation affected antioxidant-related properties of mung bean sprouts during storage at room and low temperatures. Ethanol vapour-treated sprouts had the highest ascorbic acid, total phenols, and antioxidant activity. Polyphenol…

The effect of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field on in vitro fertilization success rate in N MRI mice.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This randomized comparative animal study tested whether extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field exposure affects IVF success in NMRI mice. Mice in the experimental group were exposed to a 1.3 mT pulsed field at 4 kHz for 5 hours during the IVF process. Although the exposed group showed a higher IVF…

Sensory transduction of weak electromagnetic fields: role of glutamate neurotransmission mediated by NMDA receptors.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This rat EEG study reports that weak electromagnetic fields elicited evoked potentials in awake animals but not under anesthesia that included ketamine. Xylazine anesthesia did not eliminate EMF-evoked potentials, whereas ketamine (an NMDA receptor antagonist) was associated with absence of both EMF-evoked and…

Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on electrocardiograms of guinea pigs.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study examined whether RF-EMF from cellular phones affects electrocardiograms in guinea pigs. Thirty guinea pigs were randomized to control (no exposure) or RF-EMF exposure (890–915 MHz; SAR 0.95 W/kg) for 12 hours per day over 30 days. The study reports no significant effects on ECG findings under these…

Spatial learning, monoamines and oxidative stress in rats exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field in combination with iron overload.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study tested whether 900 MHz EMF exposure, alone or combined with brain iron overload, affects cognition and brain biochemistry in Long-Evans rats. EMF-exposed rats showed impairment in an object exploration task and changes in monoamine content (notably in the hippocampus), while other spatial…

No influence of acute RF exposure (GSM-900, GSM-1800, and UMTS) on mouse retinal ganglion cell responses under constant temperature conditions.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This double-blind in vitro study exposed isolated mouse retinae to GSM-900, GSM-1800, and UMTS RF-EMF at SARs up to 20 W/kg while maintaining constant temperature. Changes in retinal ganglion cell responses to light stimuli were compared before, during, and up to 35 minutes after exposure. The authors report no…

Use of portable exposure meters for comparing mobile phone base station radiation in different types of areas in the cities of Basel and Amsterdam.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This exposure assessment study used portable exposure meters to characterize variability and repeatability of mobile phone base station RF-EMF measurements in urban areas of Basel and Amsterdam. Reported exposure levels varied by area type and city, with downtown/business areas showing higher ranges than residential…

Interference between active implanted medical devices and electromagnetic field emitting devices is rare but real: results of an incidence study in a population of physicians in France.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This cross-sectional incidence survey used a postal questionnaire to assess physician-observed interference incidents between EMF-emitting devices and active implanted medical devices (AIMDs) in France. Among 1,188 participating physicians, 16% reported AIMD failures, typically of moderate severity but sometimes…

The alteration of spontaneous low frequency oscillations caused by acute electromagnetic fields exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This double-blind, randomized, crossover study examined whether 30 minutes of near-field LTE radiofrequency exposure near the right ear alters resting-state brain activity measured by fMRI. The authors report decreased ALFF in multiple temporal and frontal/paracentral regions after real exposure compared with sham,…

Reactive oxygen species elevation and recovery in Drosophila bodies and ovaries following short-term and long-term exposure to DECT base EMF.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study measured ROS in Drosophila bodies and ovaries after short- and long-term exposure to DECT base RF (1.88–1.90 GHz; SAR 0.009 W/kg). The abstract reports increased ROS in bodies after 6 h exposure and in ovaries after 0.5–1 h exposure, with apparent saturation under longer continuous exposure. It also…

Assessing of plasma protein denaturation induced by exposure to cadmium, electromagnetic fields and their combined actions on rat.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study examined whether cadmium, EMF exposure, or their combination affects oxidative damage and protein structure in rat plasma. The authors report increased oxidative protein damage markers and changes in protein-related measures after cadmium and/or EMF exposure. Effects were described as more…

Investigating short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields on reproductive capacity of invertebrates in the field situation.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This field experiment examined short-term (48-hour) exposure to RF EMF from a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone base station on reproductive endpoints in four invertebrate species. The study reports no significant effects of exposure metrics on fecundity or number of offspring, and notes that distance was not a suitable proxy…

Effect of Bluetooth headset and mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the human auditory nerve.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This randomized trial assessed short-term effects of electromagnetic fields from a mobile phone versus a Bluetooth headset on cochlear nerve activity during vestibular neurectomy in 12 patients. Bluetooth headset exposure showed no significant change in CNAP amplitude or latency. Direct mobile phone exposure was…

Cell hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This comparative study examined how distilled water pretreated by different nonionizing radiation modalities (mechanical vibration/infrasound, static magnetic field, ELF EMF, and microwave) affected hydration of barley seeds in dormant versus germination periods. The authors report greater sensitivity of hydration to…

Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This narrative review argues that non-thermal biological effects of extremely low and microwave frequency EMFs may be mediated by activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). It cites 23 studies in which VGCC blockers reportedly block or reduce diverse EMF effects and proposes downstream…

Influence of pulsed magnetic field on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed germination, seedling growth and soil microbial population.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This laboratory study examined pulsed magnetic field (PMF) pretreatment of soybean seeds (1500 nT) at 0.1–100 Hz for 5 hours/day over 20 days. The abstract reports increased germination rates for all PMF treatments, with 10 and 100 Hz showing the strongest responses, and improvements in several seedling growth and…

Critical time delay of the pineal melatonin rhythm in humans due to weak electromagnetic exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This paper discusses a mechanism by which weak electromagnetic exposure could perturb radical pair recombination rates, potentially increasing radical lifetimes. It reports significant melatonin interruption and circadian rhythm changes due to perturbation of chemical reaction rates, and notes that mRNA degradation…

Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field and GABAA Receptors on Serum Testosterone Level of Male Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This animal experiment tested whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure interacts with GABAA receptor modulation to affect serum testosterone in male rats. Rats were exposed for 30 days (8 hours/day) or sham exposed, then given saline, a GABAA antagonist (bicuculline), or a GABAA…

[Modulation of Ca(2+)-dependent proteinase activity in invertebrates and fish under the action of weak low-frequency magnetic fields].

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This study examined whether weak low-frequency magnetic fields affect Ca2+-dependent proteinases (calpains) in fish and invertebrates using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The authors report a significant decrease in calpain activity in animals exposed to a field tuned to Ca2+ parametric resonance, and substantial…

A preliminary examination of cell phone use and helping behavior.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This preliminary study examined whether talking on a cell phone is associated with reduced helping behavior in a staged situation. Among 62 participants, those talking on a cell phone were less likely to offer help to a confederate who dropped magazines than those not talking on a phone. The authors interpret this as…

Effect of puerarin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human fetal scleral fibroblasts treated with low frequency electromagnetic fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This in vitro study examined whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure alters MMP-2 expression in cultured human fetal scleral fibroblasts and whether puerarin modifies this response. The authors report increased MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression after 0.2 mT ELF-EMF exposure for 24…

P-selectin expression in a colon tumor model exposed by sinusoidal electromagnetic fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This animal study evaluated whether sinusoidal magnetic field exposure alters P-selectin expression in a rat colon tumor model. Rats exposed to 50 Hz, 5 mT for 6 h/day for 8 months showed no statistically significant change in P-selectin expression by immunohistochemistry. The authors indicate that further in vitro…

Specific absorption rate variation in a brain phantom due to exposure by a 3G mobile phone: problems in dosimetry.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This paper describes a SAR measurement system for a 3G mobile phone (1718.5 MHz) using brain phantom material in a Perspex box sized to a small rat volume, with induced fields measured at multiple locations. SAR was computed from induced-field measurements and also estimated experimentally via temperature rise, with…

The Effects of Cell Phone Waves (900 MHz-GSM Band) on Sperm Parameters and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This experimental study exposed adult male Wistar rats to 900 MHz GSM-band cell phone-related waves for 2 or 3 weeks and assessed sperm parameters and total antioxidant capacity. All exposure groups showed significantly reduced sperm viability, motility, and total antioxidant capacity compared with controls.…

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