Effects of single and combined low frequency electromagnetic fields and simulated microgravity on gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenesis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed human mesenchymal stem cell pellets undergoing chondrogenesis to simulated microgravity (SMG), low-frequency EMF (5 mT, 15 Hz), or both for 3 weeks. SMG significantly changed gene expression and reduced chondrogenic marker expression (including COL2A1). LF-EMF alone showed no…
Modulation of antioxidant enzyme gene expression by extremely low frequency electromagnetic field in post-stroke patients.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This study evaluated whether adding extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) therapy to standard physical therapy modulates antioxidant gene expression in post-stroke patients. Forty-eight patients were split into an ELF-EMF group and a non-ELF-EMF group, with both groups receiving the same physical…
Synergistic effect of rice bran extract and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on dermal papilla/melanocytes in melanogenesis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study used a 3D dermal papilla-like tissue model containing dermal papilla cells and melanocytes to assess melanogenesis after rice bran extract (RBE), extremely low-frequency EMF, or their combination. The combined RBE/EMF condition showed higher tyrosinase activity, increased melanogenesis-related…
Effects of electromagnetic field, cisplatin and morphine on cytotoxicity and expression levels of DNA repair genes.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study examined how morphine, a 50-Hz 0.50 mT electromagnetic field (intermittent), and cisplatin co-treatments affected DNA repair gene expression and cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells. Morphine alone was reported to down-regulate examined DNA repair genes, whereas morphine plus EMF did not…
Gene Expression Analysis in Human Peripheral Blood Cells after 900 MHz RF-EMF Short-Term Exposure.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This ex vivo/in vitro study exposed peripheral blood cells from five human donors to a 900 MHz continuous-wave RF-EMF for up to 90 minutes (average SAR 9.3 W/kg). After false discovery rate adjustment, the authors report no EMF-specific gene expression changes on microarray analysis. Although low-stringency analysis…
Electromagnetic Field Could Protect SH-SY5Y Cells Against Cisplatin Cytotoxicity, But Not MCF-7 Cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells to a 50 Hz, 0.50 mT electromagnetic field in combination with cisplatin and/or morphine. The combined "CDDP+Mor+EMF" condition showed higher cisplatin IC values than cisplatin alone and "CDDP+Mor" in both cell lines, consistent with reduced cisplatin cytotoxicity.…
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) generates alterations in the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17β (E) in uterine tissues: An in vitro study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial and myometrial slices to extremely low-frequency EMF (50 or 120 Hz, 8 mT) for 2 or 4 hours, with or without progesterone. The authors report frequency- and time-dependent changes in oestradiol-17β secretion and CYP19A3 mRNA expression, with fewer changes when…
The expression of pluripotency and neuronal differentiation markers under the influence of electromagnetic field and nitric oxide.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study examined how 50 Hz low-frequency EMF and a nitric oxide donor (Deta-NO) affect stemness and neuronal differentiation markers in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The authors report that high NO (1 mM) combined with EMF reduced stemness markers and increased neuronal differentiation markers,…
Effect of electromagnetic fields on human osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study exposed human osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic chondrocyte pellets to a sinusoidal 15 Hz electromagnetic field at 5 mT or 8 mT for 7 days. Under 5 mT, osteoarthritic chondrocytes showed increased expression of cartilage-related genes (COL2A1 and ACAN) compared with controls, while…
Rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells aging reduction by zinc sulfate under extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure is associated with increased telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study exposed rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to 50 Hz, 20 mT ELF-EMF for 30 minutes per day over 21 days, with and without zinc sulfate. The authors report ELF-EMF exposure decreased TERT gene expression and increased senescent cells. Zinc sulfate was reported to increase TERT expression and…
Electromagnetic fields at a mobile phone frequency (900 MHz) trigger the onset of general stress response along with DNA modifications in Eisenia fetida earthworms.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study exposed Eisenia fetida earthworms to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields at 10–120 V/m for 2 hours (with additional tests of longer exposure, modulation, and recovery). The authors report significant DNA modifications across exposure treatments and a decrease in probe hybridisation sites persisting after…
Precision knockdown of EGFR gene expression using radio frequency electromagnetic energy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This study reports a technology that records a specific radiofrequency electromagnetic energy signal associated with EGFR siRNA and applies it to cells. The abstract describes reductions in EGFR mRNA and protein expression versus controls, with specificity assessed using RNA microarray and antibody dot blot array. It…
Effects of four kinds of electromagnetic fields (EMF) with different frequency spectrum bands on ovariectomized osteoporosis in mice.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study tested four frequency-band EMF exposures (1–50,000 Hz variants) in an ovariectomized mouse model of osteoporosis over 8 weeks (3 h/day). Low- and band-pass exposures increased bone formation markers and osteogenesis-related gene expression, while high-pass exposure decreased both formation and…
Enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by zinc sulphate under electromagnetic field via the PKA, ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study examined rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells exposed to zinc sulphate in the presence of an ELF electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 20 mT). The authors report increased osteogenic differentiation markers (gene expression, ALP activity, and calcium levels) under combined ZnSO4+EMF conditions,…
[Genic and non-genic regulation of low frequence pulsed electromagnetic fields on osteoblasts differentiation].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This in vitro study exposed rat calvarial osteoblasts to 50 Hz, 0.6 mT pulsed electromagnetic fields for 1.5 hours and measured early differentiation-related markers over 0–12 hours. The abstract reports increased ALP activity at 3 hours and time-dependent changes in ALP, Runx2, and OSX transcription and Runx2/OSX…
Modification of catalase and MAPK in Vicia faba cultivated in soil with high natural radioactivity and treated with a static magnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This plant study examined effects of a 30 mT static magnetic field and cultivation in soil with high natural radioactivity on oxidative stress-related markers in Vicia faba. The abstract reports significant changes in catalase and MAPK gene expression in treated plants versus controls. Catalase activity and H2O2…
Effect of puerarin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human fetal scleral fibroblasts treated with low frequency electromagnetic fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2013
This in vitro study examined whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure alters MMP-2 expression in cultured human fetal scleral fibroblasts and whether puerarin modifies this response. The authors report increased MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression after 0.2 mT ELF-EMF exposure for 24…
Low-frequency electromagnetic fields do not alter responses of inflammatory genes and proteins in human monocytes and immune cell lines.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2012
This in vitro study examined whether low-frequency electromagnetic fields (a complex multiple waveform field and a 50 Hz sine wave) alter inflammatory gene and protein responses in human immune cells. Across time course experiments in THP-1 cells and primary monocytes/macrophages, the authors report no significant…
Down-regulation of metallothionein 1 and 2 after exposure to electromagnetic field in mouse testis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2011
This animal study examined mouse testis after 8 weeks of exposure to a 3 MT electromagnetic field (4 hours/day). The authors report significant histological changes (increased primary spermatocytes, increased Leydig cells, and increased basement membrane thickness) in exposed mice versus controls. MT1 and MT2…
Human keratinocytes in culture exhibit no response when exposed to short duration, low amplitude, high frequency (900 MHz) electromagnetic fields in a reverberation chamber.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2011
This in vitro study exposed normal human epidermal keratinocytes to non-thermal 900 MHz electromagnetic fields in a mode-stirred reverberation chamber under two short-duration conditions. Microarray analysis found only limited gene modulation (20 genes) with small expression ratios and no shared genes across…
[A aquaporin 4 expression and effects in rat hippocampus after microwave radiation].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2009
This rat study examined hippocampal aquaporin 4 (AQP4) expression after microwave exposure at 10, 30, or 100 mW/cm^2. The authors report increased AQP4 protein and gene expression after exposure, with recovery at lower power density but more persistent elevation at higher power density. They conclude that increased…